仿人足关节结构可调节冲击吸收，姿势影响反弹效果。
Landing-Induced Viscoelastic Changes in an Anthropomimetic Foot Joint Structure are Modulated by Foot Structure and Posture
- 构建仿人足关节模型，模拟不同骨骼结构与姿势下的冲击响应。
- 多关节结构比平板刚性足的阻尼比更高，提升吸能效果。
- 踝背屈和脚趾伸展会降低阻尼比，实现吸能与回弹的动态调节。
骨骼结构与落地姿势如何影响足部瞬时冲击后的粘弹性响应尚不明确，部分原因在于尸体标本难以在多种姿势下进行重复冲击测试。本研究开发了一种仿人足关节结构，以复现人体足部骨骼几何形态。利用垂直下落装置模拟落地过程，并结合粘弹性系统识别模型，探究骨骼结构与姿势对表观冲击后粘弹性响应的影响。结果表明，多关节仿人结构的阻尼比高于简化平板刚性足；此外，踝背屈和脚趾伸展系统性地改变了识别参数，降低了测试条件下的阻尼比。综合来看，拱形、多关节骨骼架构可增强仿人机械足的冲击衰减能力，且形态与被动姿势本身即可调节衰减与回弹之间的权衡。观察到的趋势与人类落地策略的已知差异定性一致，凸显了基于解剖学设计的骨骼结构在通过姿势调整实现可调冲击衰减方面的工程优势。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
How skeletal architecture and landing posture shape the immediate post-impact viscoelastic response of the foot remains incompletely understood, in part because cadaveric specimens are ill-suited to repeated impact testing across postures. In this study, we developed an anthropomimetic foot joint structure aimed at replicating the skeletal geometry of the human foot. Using a vertical drop apparatus that simulates landing and a viscoelastic system-identification model, we investigated how skeletal structure and posture modulate the apparent post-impact viscoelastic response. The results show that the multi-jointed anthropomimetic structure exhibited a higher damping ratio than simplified flat and rigid feet. Moreover, ankle dorsiflexion and toe extension systematically shifted the identified parameters, reducing the damping ratio under the tested conditions. Taken together, these findings indicate that an arch-like, multi-jointed skeletal architecture can enhance impact attenuation in an anthropomimetic mechanical foot, and that morphology and passive posture alone can tune the trade-off between attenuation and rebound. The observed trends are qualitatively consistent with reported differences in human landing strategies, and highlight the engineering advantage of anatomically informed skeletal design for achieving tunable impact attenuation through postural adjustment.
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