arXiv:2601.14679cs.MMcs.AI2026-01

生成与物理空间匹配的虚拟场景,减少沉浸式行走时的碰撞。

HCVR Scene Generation: High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation for Extended Redirected Walking

  • 用新指标ENI++评估虚实空间不兼容性,指导场景生成。
  • 生成场景使碰撞次数减少22.78倍,兼容性评分下降35.89%。
  • 适合需要长距离虚拟行走的场景设计者使用。

自然行走能增强虚拟环境(VE)的沉浸感,但物理空间限制和障碍物阻碍了大场景探索。定向行走(RDW)技术通过微调虚拟摄像机引导用户避开物理碰撞,但在虚实几何差异大时效果显著下降。现有场景生成方法多关注物体关系或布局美观,忽视了对有效RDW至关重要的物理兼容性。为此,我们提出HCVR(高兼容性虚拟现实环境生成)框架,生成天然适配基于对齐的RDW控制器的虚拟场景。HCVR首先使用新型边界敏感指标ENI++,通过比较旋转敏感可见多边形来评估虚实空间的不兼容性。在ENI++兼容性图和用户提示指导下,利用大语言模型(LLM)进行上下文感知的3D资产检索与初始布局生成。随后,通过优化物体选择、缩放与位置,最大化覆盖虚拟不兼容区域,有效引导用户进入适合RDW的路径。用户研究显示,与仅用LLM生成的场景相比,HCVR生成场景的物理碰撞减少22.78倍,ENI++得分降低35.89%,且布局设计用户评分提升12.5%。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Natural walking enhances immersion in virtual environments (VEs), but physical space limitations and obstacles hinder exploration, especially in large virtual scenes. Redirected Walking (RDW) techniques mitigate this by subtly manipulating the virtual camera to guide users away from physical collisions within pre-defined VEs. However, RDW efficacy diminishes significantly when substantial geometric divergence exists between the physical and virtual environments, leading to unavoidable collisions. Existing scene generation methods primarily focus on object relationships or layout aesthetics, often neglecting the crucial aspect of physical compatibility required for effective RDW. To address this, we introduce HCVR (High Compatibility Virtual Reality Environment Generation), a novel framework that generates virtual scenes inherently optimized for alignment-based RDW controllers. HCVR first employs ENI++, a novel, boundary-sensitive metric to evaluate the incompatibility between physical and virtual spaces by comparing rotation-sensitive visibility polygons. Guided by the ENI++ compatibility map and user prompts, HCVR utilizes a Large Language Model (LLM) for context-aware 3D asset retrieval and initial layout generation. The framework then strategically adjusts object selection, scaling, and placement to maximize coverage of virtually incompatible regions, effectively guiding users towards RDW-feasible paths. User studies evaluating physical collisions and layout quality demonstrate HCVR's effectiveness with HCVR-generated scenes, resulting in 22.78 times fewer physical collisions and received 35.89\% less on ENI++ score compared to LLM-based generation with RDW, while also receiving 12.5\% higher scores on user feedback to layout design.

虚拟现实场景生成定向行走大语言模型

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