arXiv:2601.15326q-bio.QMcs.AI2026-01被引 6

打造可解释的心电图智能分析平台,让AI发现心脏疾病信号更准确、更透明。

ECGomics: An Open Platform for AI-ECG Digital Biomarker Discovery

  • 按结构、强度、功能、对比四维度拆解心电信号,融合专家规则与数据驱动。
  • 支持12导联高保真分析,实现快速提取多种数字生物标志物。
  • 兼具网页端批量处理与移动端实时监测,适合临床和家庭场景使用。

传统心电图分析存在两难:人工特征可解释但灵敏度低,深度学习精度高却像黑箱且依赖大量数据。本文提出ECGomics,一个基于基因组学分类思想的心电图多维解构框架,将心脏活动分解为结构、强度、功能和比较四个维度,融合专家定义的形态规则与数据驱动的潜在表征,有效弥合手工特征与深度学习嵌入之间的差距。该框架已构建为可扩展的生态系统,包含基于网页的研究平台和集成便携传感器与云端引擎的移动应用(https://github.com/PKUDigitalHealth/ECGomics)。网页平台支持高通量分析,具备精确参数配置、高保真数据接入及12导联可视化能力,可系统提取四维度生物标志物;移动端则实现实时信号采集与近即时结构化报告生成。双界面架构使ECGomics从理论探索走向去中心化的真实世界健康管理,在多种临床与居家环境中均能提供专业级监测。结论表明,ECGomics实现了诊断精度、可解释性与数据效率的统一,通过可部署的软件生态,为数字生物标志物发现与个性化心血管医学奠定坚实基础。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Background: Conventional electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis faces a persistent dichotomy: expert-driven features ensure interpretability but lack sensitivity to latent patterns, while deep learning offers high accuracy but functions as a black box with high data dependency. We introduce ECGomics, a systematic paradigm and open-source platform for the multidimensional deconstruction of cardiac signals into digital biomarker. Methods: Inspired by the taxonomic rigor of genomics, ECGomics deconstructs cardiac activity across four dimensions: Structural, Intensity, Functional, and Comparative. This taxonomy synergizes expert-defined morphological rules with data-driven latent representations, effectively bridging the gap between handcrafted features and deep learning embeddings. Results: We operationalized this framework into a scalable ecosystem consisting of a web-based research platform and a mobile-integrated solution (https://github.com/PKUDigitalHealth/ECGomics). The web platform facilitates high-throughput analysis via precision parameter configuration, high-fidelity data ingestion, and 12-lead visualization, allowing for the systematic extraction of biomarkers across the four ECGomics dimensions. Complementarily, the mobile interface, integrated with portable sensors and a cloud-based engine, enables real-time signal acquisition and near-instantaneous delivery of structured diagnostic reports. This dual-interface architecture successfully transitions ECGomics from theoretical discovery to decentralized, real-world health management, ensuring professional-grade monitoring in diverse clinical and home-based settings. Conclusion: ECGomics harmonizes diagnostic precision, interpretability, and data efficiency. By providing a deployable software ecosystem, this paradigm establishes a robust foundation for digital biomarker discovery and personalized cardiovascular medicine.

心电图AI医疗数字生物标志物可解释性

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