用多个专家代理协同分析交通事故严重程度,提升预测准确性和可靠性。
TransportAgents: a multi-agents LLM framework for traffic accident severity prediction
- 分领域设置专用代理,分别处理人口、环境、事故等信息
- 在两个美国数据集上均超越传统模型和单代理大模型
- 适合应急响应与公共安全决策等高可靠性场景
精准预测交通事故严重程度对提升应急响应和公共安全规划至关重要。尽管大语言模型具备强大推理能力,但其单代理架构常难以处理异构、领域特定的事故数据,易产生偏差或不稳定预测。为此,本文提出TransportAgents,一种融合类别特异性大模型推理与多层感知机集成模块的混合多代理框架。每个专业代理专注于交通信息的一个子集,如人口特征、环境背景或事件详情,生成中间严重程度评估,并通过集成模块融合为统一预测。在两个互补的美国数据集(消费者产品安全风险管理系统CPSRMS和国家电子伤害监测系统NEISS)上进行的大量实验表明,TransportAgents在三种代表性模型(包括GPT-3.5、GPT-4o和LLaMA-3.3)上均持续优于传统机器学习及先进大模型基线。补充的分布分析显示,该框架生成的预测更具平衡性与校准度,显著提升了可解释性与可靠性,适用于安全关键决策支持场景。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate prediction of traffic crash severity is critical for improving emergency response and public safety planning. Although recent large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, their single-agent architectures often struggle with heterogeneous, domain-specific crash data and tend to generate biased or unstable predictions. To address these limitations, this paper proposes TransportAgents, a hybrid multi-agent framework that integrates category-specific LLM reasoning with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) integration module. Each specialized agent focuses on a particular subset of traffic information, such as demographics, environmental context, or incident details, to produce intermediate severity assessments that are subsequently fused into a unified prediction. Extensive experiments on two complementary U.S. datasets, the Consumer Product Safety Risk Management System (CPSRMS) and the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), demonstrate that TransportAgents consistently outperforms both traditional machine learning and advanced LLM-based baselines. Across three representative backbones, including closed-source models such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4o, as well as open-source models such as LLaMA-3.3, the framework exhibits strong robustness, scalability, and cross-dataset generalizability. A supplementary distributional analysis further shows that TransportAgents produces more balanced and well-calibrated severity predictions than standard single-agent LLM approaches, highlighting its interpretability and reliability for safety-critical decision support applications.
Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。