arXiv:2601.15687cs.SEcs.AI2026-01

自动配置智能自动化规则,让触发与动作精准匹配。

FARM: Field-Aware Resolution Model for Intelligent Trigger-Action Automation

  • 分两阶段生成完整可执行的自动化流程
  • 函数级准确率达81%,显著优于现有方法
  • 适合需要低代码自动化开发的开发者

触发-动作编程(TAP)平台如IFTTT和Zapier通过跨异构服务组合事件驱动规则实现物联网自动化。一个TAP应用将触发器与动作关联,并需将触发输出(成分)正确绑定到动作输入(字段)才能执行。以往工作多从自然语言层面进行服务级预测,常生成无法执行的应用,仍需手动配置。本文研究函数级配置问题:生成包含正确成分-字段绑定的完整应用。提出FARM(字段感知解析模型),采用两阶段架构实现全自动配置。第一阶段使用对比双编码器,在模式增强表示上通过选择性层冻结,从1,724个触发函数和1,287个动作函数中检索候选(共220万种可能组合)。第二阶段通过基于大模型的多智能体流水线完成选择与配置:包括意图分析、触发器选择、跨模式评分的动作选择及配置验证。智能体通过共享状态和共识选择协作。FARM在函数级黄金数据集上达到81%联合准确率(噪声数据62%,单次尝试70%),优于服务级基线模型TARGE 23个百分点。同时能生成成分-字段绑定,产出可执行的自动化配置。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Trigger-Action Programming (TAP) platforms such as IFTTT and Zapier enable Web of Things (WoT) automation by composing event-driven rules across heterogeneous services. A TAP applet links a trigger to an action and must bind trigger outputs (ingredients) to action inputs (fields) to be executable. Prior work largely treats TAP as service-level prediction from natural language, which often yields non-executable applets that still require manual configuration. We study the function-level configuration problem: generating complete applets with correct ingredient-to-field bindings. We propose FARM (Field-Aware Resolution Model), a two-stage architecture for automated applet generation with full configuration. Stage 1 trains contrastive dual encoders with selective layer freezing over schema-enriched representations, retrieving candidates from 1,724 trigger functions and 1,287 action functions (2.2M possible trigger-action pairs). Stage 2 performs selection and configuration using an LLM-based multi-agent pipeline. It includes intent analysis, trigger selection, action selection via cross-schema scoring, and configuration verification. Agents coordinate through shared state and agreement-based selection. FARM achieves 81% joint accuracy on Gold (62% Noisy, 70% One-shot) at the function level, where both trigger and action functions must match the ground truth. For comparison with service-level baselines, we map functions to their parent services and evaluate at the service level. FARM reaches 81% joint accuracy and improves over TARGE by 23 percentage points. FARM also generates ingredient-to-field bindings, producing executable automation configurations.

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