用物联网实现植物实时监测与智能灌溉，节水40%且成本仅45美元。
An IoT-Based Smart Plant Monitoring and Irrigation System with Real-Time Environmental Sensing, Automated Alerts, and Cloud Analytics
- 基于ESP32集成温湿度、水位和土壤湿度传感器，自动采集环境数据。
- 土壤湿度控制准确率达92%，相比传统方式节水约40%。
- 支持云端分析与远程报警，适合家庭园艺与商业种植场景。
全球对可持续农业的需求日益增长，亟需智能监测系统以优化资源利用并管理植物健康。传统农法依赖人工观察和定时浇水，常导致水资源浪费、生长不均及环境变化响应延迟。本文提出一种基于物联网的智能植物监测系统，集成多种环境传感器，实现自动灌溉与云数据分析。系统采用ESP32微控制器，实时采集DHT22（温湿度）、HC-SR04（水位）及土壤湿度传感器数据，通过OLED显示视觉反馈，蜂鸣器发出声音警报。所有数据无线传输至ThingSpeak云平台，实现远程监控、历史分析与自动告警。实验表明，该系统能有效维持最优土壤湿度（准确率92%），提供实时环境监测，并相较传统灌溉方法减少约40%用水量。集成网页仪表盘可全面可视化植物健康参数，适用于小规模园艺及商业化农业。系统总实施成本为45.20美元，具备低成本、可扩展性，是精准农业与智慧农场的理想解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The increasing global demand for sustainable agriculture necessitates intelligent monitoring systems that optimize resource utilization and plant health management. Traditional farming methods rely on manual observation and periodic watering, often leading to water wastage, inconsistent plant growth, and delayed response to environmental changes. This paper presents a comprehensive IoT-based smart plant monitoring system that integrates multiple environmental sensors with automated irrigation and cloud analytics. The proposed system utilizes an ESP32 microcontroller to collect real-time data from DHT22 (temperature/humidity), HC-SR04 (water level), and soil moisture sensors, with visual feedback through an OLED display and auditory alerts via a buzzer. All sensor data is wirelessly transmitted to the ThingSpeak cloud platform for remote monitoring, historical analysis, and automated alert generation. Experimental results demonstrate the system's effectiveness in maintaining optimal soil moisture levels (with 92\% accuracy), providing real-time environmental monitoring, and reducing water consumption by approximately 40\% compared to conventional irrigation methods. The integrated web dashboard offers comprehensive visualization of plant health parameters, making it suitable for both small-scale gardening and commercial agriculture applications. With a total implementation cost of \$45.20, this system provides an affordable, scalable solution for precision agriculture and smart farming.
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