利用环形声呐阴影信息提升目标识别与三维重建精度
Using Shadows in Circular Synthetic Aperture Sonar Imaging for Target Analysis
- 通过子孔径滤波获取多视角图像，结合固定聚焦阴影增强技术
- 实现清晰阴影提取，显著提升目标形状判别能力
- 适合水下目标识别、反潜作战等需要高精度分析的场景
环形合成孔径声呐（CSAS）可提供海底360°方位视图，克服传统侧扫声呐视野有限和单视角成像的缺陷，对反舰雷战中降低误报至关重要。尽管CSAS能生成高分辨率二维图像，但因圆形路径导致的视差使阴影区域信息丢失，而阴影本身蕴含目标形状的补充信息。本文提出从CSAS数据中恢复阴影信息的方法，以提升目标分析与三维重建性能。采用子孔径滤波获得沿圆形轨迹不同视角的图像集合，并应用固定聚焦阴影增强（FFSE）技术生成锐利阴影。设计交互式界面，支持操作员沿轨迹可视化阴影。基于分割后的阴影，使用空间雕刻法重构物体三维形状。实验表明，该方法有效提升了目标识别与三维重建能力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Circular Synthetic Aperture Sonar (CSAS) provides a 360° azimuth view of the seabed, surpassing the limited aperture and mono-view image of conventional side-scan SAS. This makes CSAS a valuable tool for target recognition in mine warfare where the diversity of point of view is essential for reducing false alarms. CSAS processing typically produces a very high-resolution two-dimensional image. However, the parallax introduced by the circular displacement of the illuminator fill-in the shadow regions, and the shadow cast by an object on the seafloor is lost in favor of azimuth coverage and resolution. Yet the shadows provide complementary information on target shape useful for target recognition. In this paper, we explore a way to retrieve shadow information from CSAS data to improve target analysis and carry 3D reconstruction. Sub-aperture filtering is used to get a collection of images at various points of view along the circular trajectory and fixed focus shadow enhancement (FFSE) is applied to obtain sharp shadows. An interactive interface is also proposed to allow human operators to visualize these shadows along the circular trajectory. A space-carving reconstruction method is applied to infer the 3D shape of the object from the segmented shadows. The results demonstrate the potential of shadows in circular SAS for improving target analysis and 3D reconstruction.
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