arXiv:2601.17095cs.CVcs.AI2026-01

用生成式AI自动提取建筑模型多细节层级草图,解决手工建模效率低问题。

LoD Sketch Extraction from Architectural Models Using Generative AI: Dataset Construction for Multi-Level Architectural Design Generation

  • 通过生成式AI逐步简化高精度模型,生成几何一致的多层级表示。
  • 从LoD3到LoD2的结构相似性达0.7319,距离偏差为图像对角线的25.1%。
  • 适合建筑生成、智能设计系统研发者,推动自动化建模发展。

在建筑设计中,多层级细节(LoD)表示对于从概念体量到详细建模的平滑过渡至关重要。然而,传统LoD建模依赖人工操作,耗时费力且易产生几何不一致。尽管生成式人工智能(AI)为从草图生成多层级建筑模型带来了新可能,其应用受限于高质量成对LoD训练数据的缺乏。为此,我们提出一种基于生成式AI的自动LoD草图提取框架,通过逐步简化高细节建筑模型,自动生成几何一致且层次连贯的多层级表示。该框架融合计算机视觉与生成式AI方法,构建从详细表达到体积抽象的渐进式提取流程。实验表明,该方法在不同层级间保持强几何一致性:从LoD3到LoD2的结构相似性(SSIM)为0.7319,对应归一化豪斯多夫距离为图像对角线的25.1%;从LoD2到LoD1的SSIM为0.7532,归一化距离为61.0%。结果验证了该框架在保留全局结构的同时实现语义渐进简化的能力,为生成式多层级建筑建模与层次化设计提供了可靠数据与技术支撑。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

For architectural design, representation across multiple Levels of Details (LoD) is essential for achieving a smooth transition from conceptual massing to detailed modeling. However, traditional LoD modeling processes rely on manual operations that are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to geometric inconsistencies. While the rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has opened new possibilities for generating multi-level architectural models from sketch inputs, its application remains limited by the lack of high-quality paired LoD training data. To address this issue, we propose an automatic LoD sketch extraction framework using generative AI models, which progressively simplifies high-detail architectural models to automatically generate geometrically consistent and hierarchically coherent multi-LoD representations. The proposed framework integrates computer vision techniques with generative AI methods to establish a progressive extraction pipeline that transitions from detailed representations to volumetric abstractions. Experimental results demonstrate that the method maintains strong geometric consistency across LoD levels, achieving SSIM values of 0.7319 and 0.7532 for the transitions from LoD3 to LoD2 and from LoD2 to LoD1, respectively, with corresponding normalized Hausdorff distances of 25.1% and 61.0% of the image diagonal, reflecting controlled geometric deviation during abstraction. These results verify that the proposed framework effectively preserves global structure while achieving progressive semantic simplification across different LoD levels, providing reliable data and technical support for AI-driven multi-level architectural generation and hierarchical modeling.

建筑生成生成式AI多级细节草图提取

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