为自主智能体系统设计可解释性,确保其决策全程可追溯、可问责。
Interpreting Agentic Systems: Beyond Model Explanations to System-Level Accountability
- 从目标设定到结果评估,全程嵌入可解释机制
- 现有解释方法无法应对多步决策与环境交互的动态性
- 适合关注AI安全与监管的开发者和政策制定者
自主智能体系统通过多步骤规划与环境交互,使大语言模型具备目标导向的自治能力。这类系统在架构与部署上与传统模型有本质差异,带来目标错位、决策误差累积及多智能体协作风险等独特安全挑战,亟需将可解释性与可追溯性设计于系统全生命周期。当前主要针对静态模型的解释技术在面对智能体的时间动态性、决策累积效应与情境依赖行为时表现不足。本文评估了现有方法在智能体系统中的适用性与局限,指出其在揭示智能体决策过程中的深层盲区,并提出未来研究方向:开发专为智能体系统设计的解释技术,覆盖从目标形成、环境交互到结果评估的全生命周期,以实现对自主行为的有效监督与问责。这些进展对保障智能体AI的安全部署至关重要。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agentic systems have transformed how Large Language Models (LLMs) can be leveraged to create autonomous systems with goal-directed behaviors, consisting of multi-step planning and the ability to interact with different environments. These systems differ fundamentally from traditional machine learning models, both in architecture and deployment, introducing unique AI safety challenges, including goal misalignment, compounding decision errors, and coordination risks among interacting agents, that necessitate embedding interpretability and explainability by design to ensure traceability and accountability across their autonomous behaviors. Current interpretability techniques, developed primarily for static models, show limitations when applied to agentic systems. The temporal dynamics, compounding decisions, and context-dependent behaviors of agentic systems demand new analytical approaches. This paper assesses the suitability and limitations of existing interpretability methods in the context of agentic systems, identifying gaps in their capacity to provide meaningful insight into agent decision-making. We propose future directions for developing interpretability techniques specifically designed for agentic systems, pinpointing where interpretability is required to embed oversight mechanisms across the agent lifecycle from goal formation, through environmental interaction, to outcome evaluation. These advances are essential to ensure the safe and accountable deployment of agentic AI systems.
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