融合深度学习与传统算法,提升心脏病诊断准确率。
HyCARD-Net: A Synergistic Hybrid Intelligence Framework for Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis
- 用CNN、LSTM结合KNN、XGB,通过投票机制集成模型
- 在两个数据集上分别达到82.30%和97.10%准确率
- 适合医疗AI研究者与临床辅助诊断系统开发者
心血管疾病(CVD)仍是全球主要死亡原因,亟需智能、数据驱动的诊断工具。传统预测模型常因异构数据集和复杂生理模式而难以泛化。为此,我们提出一种混合集成框架,将卷积神经网络(CNN)与长短期记忆网络(LSTM)等深度学习架构,与K近邻(KNN)和极端梯度提升(XGB)等经典机器学习算法结合,采用集成投票机制。该方法融合深度网络的表征能力与传统模型的可解释性及高效性。在两个公开的Kaggle数据集上实验表明,所提模型在数据集I上达到82.30%准确率,在数据集II上达97.10%,且精确率、召回率与F1分数均有稳定提升。结果证实了混合人工智能框架在预测心血管疾病中的鲁棒性与临床潜力,有助于早期干预。本研究还直接支持联合国可持续发展目标3(健康与福祉),通过创新的数据驱动医疗方案促进非传染性疾病早诊、预防与管理。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the foremost cause of mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for intelligent and data-driven diagnostic tools. Traditional predictive models often struggle to generalize across heterogeneous datasets and complex physiological patterns. To address this, we propose a hybrid ensemble framework that integrates deep learning architectures, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), with classical machine learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), using an ensemble voting mechanism. This approach combines the representational power of deep networks with the interpretability and efficiency of traditional models. Experiments on two publicly available Kaggle datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior performance, reaching 82.30 percent accuracy on Dataset I and 97.10 percent on Dataset II, with consistent gains in precision, recall, and F1-score. These findings underscore the robustness and clinical potential of hybrid AI frameworks for predicting cardiovascular disease and facilitating early intervention. Furthermore, this study directly supports the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3 (Good Health and Well-being) by promoting early diagnosis, prevention, and management of non-communicable diseases through innovative, data-driven healthcare solutions.
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