arXiv:2601.18707cs.LGcs.AI2026-01中稿 · publication at the…被引 2

无需网格即可高精度模拟复杂外形气动,效率远超传统方法。

SMART: Scalable Mesh-free Aerodynamic Simulations from Raw Geometries using a Transformer-based Surrogate Model

  • 用点云直接建模几何,跳过耗时的网格生成步骤。
  • 在多个工业级案例中,精度超越依赖网格的现有方法。
  • 适合需要快速迭代的汽车、飞机等外形设计场景。

基于机器学习的代理模型已成为复杂几何体(如汽车车身)物理仿真中替代数值求解器的更高效方案。现有许多模型将仿真网格作为额外输入,从而降低预测误差,但为新几何体生成网格成本高昂。相比之下,无需网格的方法通常误差较大。为此,本文提出SMART,一种仅使用几何点云表示即可在任意查询位置预测物理量的神经代理模型,无需访问仿真网格。几何与仿真参数被编码至共享潜在空间,捕捉物理场的结构与参数特征。物理解码器通过关注编码器的中间潜在表示,将空间查询映射为物理量。这种跨层交互使模型同时更新潜在几何特征与演化的物理场。大量实验表明,SMART在性能上可媲美甚至超越依赖仿真网格的方法,展现出其在工业级模拟中的潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Machine learning-based surrogate models have emerged as more efficient alternatives to numerical solvers for physical simulations over complex geometries, such as car bodies. Many existing models incorporate the simulation mesh as an additional input, thereby reducing prediction errors. However, generating a simulation mesh for new geometries is computationally costly. In contrast, mesh-free methods, which do not rely on the simulation mesh, typically incur higher errors. Motivated by these considerations, we introduce SMART, a neural surrogate model that predicts physical quantities at arbitrary query locations using only a point-cloud representation of the geometry, without requiring access to the simulation mesh. The geometry and simulation parameters are encoded into a shared latent space that captures both structural and parametric characteristics of the physical field. A physics decoder then attends to the encoder's intermediate latent representations to map spatial queries to physical quantities. Through this cross-layer interaction, the model jointly updates latent geometric features and the evolving physical field. Extensive experiments show that SMART is competitive with and often outperforms existing methods that rely on the simulation mesh as input, demonstrating its capabilities for industry-level simulations.

气动仿真无网格方法点云建模代理模型

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