arXiv:2601.18728cs.LGmath.DG2026-01被引 1

从噪声数据中同时学习生成模型与流形结构,提升科学数据分析能力。

Riemannian AmbientFlow: Towards Simultaneous Manifold Learning and Generative Modeling from Corrupted Data

  • 基于归一化流构建数据驱动的黎曼几何,实现流形与生成模型联合学习
  • 理论证明在特定条件下可恢复真实数据分布,且流形参数化光滑可逆
  • 适用于医学成像等含噪数据的逆问题求解,具备可解释性与重建保证

现代生成建模方法在干净样本上表现优异,但在科学与成像应用中,往往只能获取噪声或线性退化的观测数据。此外,数据中的潜在流形结构对下游分析至关重要。本文提出Riemannian AmbientFlow,一种直接从退化观测中联合学习概率生成模型与非线性数据流形的框架。在AmbientFlow的变分推断基础上,引入由归一化流驱动的数据驱动黎曼几何,通过拉回度量与黎曼自编码器提取流形结构。理论上证明,在适当的几何正则化与测量条件下,所学模型可恢复真实数据分布,误差可控,并实现平滑、双利普希茨的流形参数化。进一步表明,该平滑解码器可作为逆问题的生成先验,提供重建保障。我们在低维合成流形和MNIST数据集上验证了该方法的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Modern generative modeling methods have demonstrated strong performance in learning complex data distributions from clean samples. In many scientific and imaging applications, however, clean samples are unavailable, and only noisy or linearly corrupted measurements can be observed. Moreover, latent structures, such as manifold geometries, present in the data are important to extract for further downstream scientific analysis. In this work, we introduce Riemannian AmbientFlow, a framework for simultaneously learning a probabilistic generative model and the underlying, nonlinear data manifold directly from corrupted observations. Building on the variational inference framework of AmbientFlow, our approach incorporates data-driven Riemannian geometry induced by normalizing flows, enabling the extraction of manifold structure through pullback metrics and Riemannian Autoencoders. We establish theoretical guarantees showing that, under appropriate geometric regularization and measurement conditions, the learned model recovers the underlying data distribution up to a controllable error and yields a smooth, bi-Lipschitz manifold parametrization. We further show that the resulting smooth decoder can serve as a principled generative prior for inverse problems with recovery guarantees. We empirically validate our approach on low-dimensional synthetic manifolds and on MNIST.

生成模型流形学习逆问题黎曼几何

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