提出智能数字孪生能力分类框架,揭示其从模拟到重塑现实的演化路径。
Agentic Digital Twins: A Taxonomy of Capabilities for Understanding Possible Futures
- 按代理位置、耦合强度、模型演化三维度构建27种配置空间
- 识别出三种演进阶段:现有工具、涌现特性出现、系统重构现实
- 揭示数字孪生如何通过强耦合产生自我验证的现实,适合关注AI系统伦理的研究者
随着人工智能融入数字孪生(DTs),其能力已超越对目标系统的动态表征。本文提出一个基于三个基本维度的智能数字孪生分类框架:代理位置(外部、内部、分布式)、耦合紧密度(松散、紧密、构成性)和模型演化(静态、自适应、重构)。由此产生的27种配置中,我们识别出九种典型配置,分为三类:'现状'(现有工具与新兴调控系统)、'临界点'(涌现特性出现且耦合变为构成性)、'前沿'(系统具备重构能力)。分析表明,智能数字孪生具有表现力——不仅映射物理系统,更主动参与其建构。以交通导航系统为例,说明即使被动工具也可能呈现涌现的表现力,而高级配置则存在表现力锁定风险。基于表现性预测理论,我们追踪了从被动工具到主动调控再到本体重构的演变过程,探讨构成性耦合如何使系统创造自我验证的现实。理解这些配置对推动数字孪生从镜像世界向新本体架构的转型至关重要。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As digital twins (DTs) evolve to become more agentic through the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), they acquire capabilities that extend beyond dynamic representation of their target systems. This paper presents a taxonomy of agentic DTs organised around three fundamental dimensions: the locus of agency (external, internal, distributed), the tightness of coupling (loose, tight, constitutive), and model evolution (static, adaptive, reconstructive). From the resulting 27-configuration space, we identify nine illustrative configurations grouped into three clusters: "The Present" (existing tools and emerging steering systems), "The Threshold" (where emergent properties appear and coupling becomes constitutive), and "The Frontier" (where systems gain reconstructive capabilities). Our analysis explores how agentic DTs exercise performative power--not merely representing physical systems but actively participating in constituting them. Using traffic navigation systems as examples, we show how even passive tools can exhibit emergent performativity, while advanced configurations risk performative lock-in. Drawing on performative prediction theory, we trace a progression from passive tools through active steering to ontological reconstruction, examining how constitutive coupling enables systems to create self-validating realities. Understanding these configurations is essential for navigating the transformation from DTs as mirror worlds to DTs as architects of new ontologies.
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