arXiv:2601.19144cs.ROcs.DS2026-01AAAI被引 3

提出可容忍乱序检索的存取框架,大幅减少仓库搬运次数。

Robust Out-of-Order Retrieval for Grid-Based Storage at Maximum Capacity

  • 设计抗扰动存储布局,支持最多k位错序检索
  • 网格宽度为Θ(k)时,满容量下可零重排
  • 适合物流中心、船厂等动态需求场景

本文提出一种提升自动化仓储系统在不确定性下的运行效率的框架。针对二维网格存储统一尺寸载荷(如集装箱、托盘或货箱),由机器人沿无碰撞路径移动。载荷带唯一标签,需按指定顺序存储,但后续以不同顺序检索——这种模式常见于末段配送中心和船厂。目标是最小化载荷重排次数。已有结果表明:当存储/检索侧网格宽度≥3格时,已知序列下可实现零重排,即使满容量。然而实际中检索序列可能在存储后变更。为此,本文研究检索阶段的“k-有界扰动”情形,即原位置相差不超过k的任意两载荷可乱序取出。证明了Θ(k)的网格宽度是满容量下消除重排的必要且充分条件。同时提供高效求解器生成对扰动鲁棒的存储布局。对于超出k的高不确定性情况,提出有效策略最小化重排。大量实验显示:当k不超过网格宽度一半时,重排基本消失;当k达全宽时,重排减少50%以上。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This paper proposes a framework for improving the operational efficiency of automated storage systems under uncertainty. It considers a 2D grid-based storage for uniform-sized loads (e.g., containers, pallets, or totes), which are moved by a robot (or other manipulator) along a collision-free path in the grid. The loads are labeled (i.e., unique) and must be stored in a given sequence, and later be retrieved in a different sequence -- an operational pattern that arises in logistics applications, such as last-mile distribution centers and shipyards. The objective is to minimize the load relocations to ensure efficient retrieval. A previous result guarantees a zero-relocation solution for known storage and retrieval sequences, even for storage at full capacity, provided that the side of the grid through which loads are stored/retrieved is at least 3 cells wide. However, in practice, the retrieval sequence can change after the storage phase. To address such uncertainty, this work investigates \emph{$k$-bounded perturbations} during retrieval, under which any two loads may depart out of order if they are originally at most $k$ positions apart. We prove that a $Θ(k)$ grid width is necessary and sufficient for eliminating relocations at maximum capacity. We also provide an efficient solver for computing a storage arrangement that is robust to such perturbations. To address the higher-uncertainty case where perturbations exceed $k$, a strategy is introduced to effectively minimize relocations. Extensive experiments show that, for $k$ up to half the grid width, the proposed storage-retrieval framework essentially eliminates relocations. For $k$ values up to the full grid width, relocations are reduced by $50\%+$.

仓储优化机器人调度鲁棒性

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