arXiv:2601.20487cs.AIcs.GT2026-01被引 2

AI标签不影响群体合作,只要反馈匿名,人机协作无差别。

Bounded Normative Equivalence in Human-AI Cooperation: Group Behaviour, Not Partner Labels, Predicts Cooperation under Anonymous Aggregate Feedback

  • 用四人公共品博弈实验,比较人类与AI标签对合作的影响。
  • 合作主要受上轮集体贡献和自身历史行为驱动,标签差异小于5个代币。
  • 适合研究人机协作、社会规范或匿名系统设计的读者。

将人工智能代理引入人类群体引发关于其如何影响合作社会规范的问题。以往研究多关注小规模人机协作,但对AI标签是否改变重复群体互动中的合作与规范结果了解有限。我们通过在线实验开展重复四人公共品游戏,每组含三名人类参与者和一名机器人,机器人被标记为人类或AI,采用三种预设策略:无条件合作、条件合作或搭便车。共236名参与者。结果显示,合作主要与上一轮群体贡献及个人历史贡献相关,该模式在人类与AI标签条件下相似,合作水平无显著差异;正式等效性检验(TOST)表明,标签效应小于±5代币(总资源的5%)。后续囚徒困境测试亦未发现标签导致的规范持续性差异,且参与者规范认知也无明显区别。我们称之为‘有限规范等价’:在匿名聚合反馈下,AI标签对合作或规范结果无可观测影响。我们认为这种等价性受限于信息结构——聚合反馈使个体行为难以归因,削弱了身份线索的分化作用。研究提示,在个体贡献不可识别的集体情境中,合作规范可自然延伸至包含人工代理的群体。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) agents into human groups raises questions about how they influence cooperative social norms. Prior work has examined human-AI and human-robot teaming in small groups, but less is known about whether an AI label alters cooperation and norm-related outcomes in repeated group interactions. We report an online experiment using a repeated four-player Public Goods Game. Each group comprised three human participants and one bot, framed either as human or AI, following one of three predefined strategies: unconditional cooperation, conditional cooperation, or free-riding. Among 236 participants, cooperation was primarily associated with the group's contribution in the previous round and with participants' own previous contributions. These patterns were similar across human- and AI-labelled conditions, and cooperation levels did not differ significantly by agent label; a formal equivalence test (TOST) indicated that any label effect was smaller than +/-5 tokens (5% of the endowment). We also found no evidence of label-based differences in norm persistence in a follow-up Prisoner's Dilemma or in participants' normative perceptions. We describe this pattern as bounded normative equivalence: under anonymous aggregate group feedback, an AI label produced no detectable differences in observed cooperation or norm-related outcomes. We argue that this equivalence is bounded by the informational structure of the setting: aggregate feedback makes individual actions difficult to attribute, diluting the identity cues that might otherwise trigger differentiation. These findings suggest that, in collective settings where individual contributions are not identifiable, cooperative norms can extend to groups that include artificial agents.

人机协作合作博弈规范等价匿名反馈

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