用大模型+强化学习,让城市规划更智能、更参与。
Intelli-Planner: Towards Customized Urban Planning via Large Language Model Empowered Reinforcement Learning
- 结合大模型与强化学习,自动生成个性化城市规划方案
- 在多个城市场景中优于传统方法,满意度和收敛速度双提升
- 适合城市规划、政策制定者及智慧城市研究者参考
高效的城市规划对提升居民生活质量与社会稳定性至关重要,是城市可持续发展的关键。现有规划方法严重依赖人工专家,耗时费力,或采用深度学习算法,却难以融入利益相关方参与。为此,我们提出Intelli-Planner,一种融合深度强化学习(DRL)与大语言模型(LLMs)的新框架,用于支持参与式和定制化的规划方案生成。Intelli-Planner利用人口统计、地理数据及规划偏好,确定各类功能区的高层次需求。训练过程中,引入知识增强模块以提升策略网络决策能力;同时建立多维度评估体系,并使用基于LLM的利益相关方进行满意度评分。在多种城市环境中的实验验证表明,Intelli-Planner优于传统基线,在客观指标上达到与先进DRL方法相当的性能,同时显著提升利益相关方满意度与收敛速度。结果表明该框架有效且优越,展现了将最新大模型技术与强化学习结合以革新功能区规划任务的巨大潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Effective urban planning is crucial for enhancing residents' quality of life and ensuring societal stability, playing a pivotal role in the sustainable development of cities. Current planning methods heavily rely on human experts, which are time-consuming and labor-intensive, or utilize deep learning algorithms, often limiting stakeholder involvement. To bridge these gaps, we propose Intelli-Planner, a novel framework integrating Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) with large language models (LLMs) to facilitate participatory and customized planning scheme generation. Intelli-Planner utilizes demographic, geographic data, and planning preferences to determine high-level planning requirements and demands for each functional type. During training, a knowledge enhancement module is employed to enhance the decision-making capability of the policy network. Additionally, we establish a multi-dimensional evaluation system and employ LLM-based stakeholders for satisfaction scoring. Experimental validation across diverse urban settings shows that Intelli-Planner surpasses traditional baselines and achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art DRL-based methods in objective metrics, while enhancing stakeholder satisfaction and convergence speed. These findings underscore the effectiveness and superiority of our framework, highlighting the potential for integrating the latest advancements in LLMs with DRL approaches to revolutionize tasks related to functional areas planning.
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