arXiv:2601.22563cs.LGcs.AI2026-01被引 1

提出新型高效全连接层,显著提升推理速度与内存效率。

EUGens: Efficient, Unified, and General Dense Layers

  • 用随机特征近似全连接层,计算复杂度从二次降至线性。
  • 在图像分类等任务中实现最高27%的推理加速和30%的内存节省。
  • 首次实现任意多项式激活函数的无偏近似,适合大模型部署。

高效神经网络对实现实时应用和资源受限环境中的模型扩展至关重要。全连接前馈层(FFLs)在神经网络架构中引入了计算量和参数量的瓶颈。为此,本文提出一类新型密集层——高效、统一且通用的全连接层(EUGens)。EUGens利用随机特征近似标准FFLs,并在其计算中引入输入范数的直接依赖,超越传统方法。该层统一了现有高效FFL扩展,将推理复杂度从二次降低至线性,同时首次实现任意多项式激活函数的无偏近似算法。此外,EUGens在减少参数量和计算开销的同时,保持了原生FFL的表达能力和适应性。我们还提出一种无需反向传播的逐层知识迁移技术,可高效适配预训练模型。实验表明,在Transformer和MLP中集成EUGens,可在图像分类、语言模型预训练和3D场景重建等多项任务中实现最高27%的推理速度提升和30%的内存效率优化。结果表明,EUGens在大规模神经网络的实际部署中具有重要潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Efficient neural networks are essential for scaling machine learning models to real-time applications and resource-constrained environments. Fully-connected feedforward layers (FFLs) introduce computation and parameter count bottlenecks within neural network architectures. To address this challenge, in this work, we propose a new class of dense layers that generalize standard fully-connected feedforward layers, \textbf{E}fficient, \textbf{U}nified and \textbf{Gen}eral dense layers (EUGens). EUGens leverage random features to approximate standard FFLs and go beyond them by incorporating a direct dependence on the input norms in their computations. The proposed layers unify existing efficient FFL extensions and improve efficiency by reducing inference complexity from quadratic to linear time. They also lead to \textbf{the first} unbiased algorithms approximating FFLs with arbitrary polynomial activation functions. Furthermore, EuGens reduce the parameter count and computational overhead while preserving the expressive power and adaptability of FFLs. We also present a layer-wise knowledge transfer technique that bypasses backpropagation, enabling efficient adaptation of EUGens to pre-trained models. Empirically, we observe that integrating EUGens into Transformers and MLPs yields substantial improvements in inference speed (up to \textbf{27}\%) and memory efficiency (up to \textbf{30}\%) across a range of tasks, including image classification, language model pre-training, and 3D scene reconstruction. Overall, our results highlight the potential of EUGens for the scalable deployment of large-scale neural networks in real-world scenarios.

高效神经网络全连接层模型压缩

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