arXiv:2601.22662cs.AIcs.MA2026-01中稿 · ICASSP 2026被引 2

让大模型按任务特点自动选专家,提升复杂决策效率。

Task-Aware LLM Council with Adaptive Decision Pathways for Decision Support

  • 构建多模型理事会,根据任务动态选择最合适的模型
  • 在三个数据集上成功率超基线,搜索效率显著提升
  • 适合需要多步推理与专家协同的智能决策场景

大语言模型在各类决策任务中表现出色,但现有方法忽视不同模型间的专长差异,将所有模型视为通用工具,难以适应多样化的推理需求与任务复杂度。为此,本文提出任务感知的大模型理事会(TALC),通过引入蒙特卡洛树搜索(MCTS)实现动态专家选择与高效多步规划。每个模型配备基于历史任务轨迹的结构化成功记忆,支持当前推理上下文与过往成功经验的语义匹配。在每个决策点,TALC依据上下文匹配结果路由至最适模型,并采用双信号机制融合模型评估与历史效用得分来估计节点价值。该机制根据节点内方差自适应调整权重,引导MCTS在探索深度与规划置信度间取得平衡。在WebShop、HumanEval和Game of 24上的实验表明,TALC在任务成功率与搜索效率方面均优于强基线,验证了专长感知路由与自适应规划的有效性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities across diverse decision-making tasks. However, existing approaches often overlook the specialization differences among available models, treating all LLMs as uniformly applicable regardless of task characteristics. This limits their ability to adapt to varying reasoning demands and task complexities. In this work, we propose Task-Aware LLM Council (TALC), a task-adaptive decision framework that integrates a council of LLMs with Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) to enable dynamic expert selection and efficient multi-step planning. Each LLM is equipped with a structured success memory profile derived from prior task trajectories, enabling semantic matching between current reasoning context and past successes. At each decision point, TALC routes control to the most contextually appropriate model and estimates node value using a dual-signal mechanism that fuses model-based evaluations with historical utility scores. These signals are adaptively weighted based on intra-node variance and used to guide MCTS selection, allowing the system to balance exploration depth with planning confidence. Experiments on WebShop, HumanEval, and the Game of 24 demonstrate that TALC achieves superior task success rates and improved search efficiency compared to strong baselines, validating the benefits of specialization-aware routing and adaptive planning.

大模型决策多智能体自适应路由

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。