arXiv:2601.23052cs.LGcs.AI2026-01中稿 · the 39th Canadian …被引 1

用可学习的边预测替代随机采样,生成更符合真实图结构的网络。

Adaptive Edge Learning for Density-Aware Graph Generation

  • 基于节点嵌入距离预测边,实现可微分的连接关系建模。
  • 自适应调节边密度,匹配真实图的稀疏分布,提升结构一致性。
  • 适合需要高保真图数据生成与数据增强的应用场景。

由于离散结构、可变尺寸和类别特异的连接模式,生成真实图结构数据极具挑战。现有图生成方法虽采用生成对抗网络(GAN)处理排列不变性和不规则拓扑,但通常依赖固定概率的随机边采样,难以捕捉节点间的复杂依赖。本文提出一种密度感知的条件图生成框架,使用Wasserstein GAN(WGAN)并以图卷积网络(GCN)为判别器,将随机采样替换为可学习的距离驱动边预测器。模型将节点嵌入到潜在空间,节点间距离反映边出现概率,通过可微边预测器直接从嵌入中确定成对关系,并引入密度感知机制动态调节边密度,以匹配真实图中观察到的类别特异性稀疏分布。实验表明,该方法在基准数据集上生成的图具有更强的结构连贯性与类一致性连接模式,优于现有基线。所学边预测器能捕捉超越简单启发式的复杂关系,生成的图密度与拓扑结构更贴近真实分布。结果还显示训练更稳定,且支持可控合成,适用于真实图生成与数据增强。代码已开源:https://github.com/ava-12/Density_Aware_WGAN.git。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generating realistic graph-structured data is challenging due to discrete structures, variable sizes, and class-specific connectivity patterns that resist conventional generative modelling. While recent graph generation methods employ generative adversarial network (GAN) frameworks to handle permutation invariance and irregular topologies, they typically rely on random edge sampling with fixed probabilities, limiting their capacity to capture complex structural dependencies between nodes. We propose a density-aware conditional graph generation framework using Wasserstein GANs (WGAN) that replaces random sampling with a learnable distance-based edge predictor. Our approach embeds nodes into a latent space where proximity correlates with edge likelihood, enabling the generator to learn meaningful connectivity patterns. A differentiable edge predictor determines pairwise relationships directly from node embeddings, while a density-aware selection mechanism adaptively controls edge density to match class-specific sparsity distributions observed in real graphs. We train the model using a WGAN with gradient penalty, employing a GCN-based critic to ensure generated graphs exhibit realistic topology and align with target class distributions. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method produces graphs with superior structural coherence and class-consistent connectivity compared to existing baselines. The learned edge predictor captures complex relational patterns beyond simple heuristics, generating graphs whose density and topology closely match real structural distributions. Our results show improved training stability and controllable synthesis, making the framework effective for realistic graph generation and data augmentation. Source code is publicly available at https://github.com/ava-12/Density_Aware_WGAN.git.

图生成WGAN密度感知可学习边

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