模型自教自练,压缩后仍保持高精度。
Post-Training Probability Manifold Correction via Structured SVD Pruning and Self-Referential Distillation
- 用自身压缩前后的概率分布做自参考教学,无需外部教师。
- 仅自参考蒸馏就提升39%性能,结合剪枝可减少65%参数。
- 无需改架构或新推理代码,现有系统即可部署。
大语言模型部署成本高。我们提出稀疏知识蒸馏(SparseKD),一种后训练压缩方法,通过结合结构化SVD剪枝与自参考知识蒸馏来压缩Transformer模型。核心思路是:不使用外部教师,而是让模型通过匹配自身压缩前的概率分布来自我教学。这种自参考机制在激进剪枝后仍能实现出色的性能恢复。实验发现,在相同目标和固定校准数据集下,仅使用自参考蒸馏就使模型质量相对原始收敛检查点提升39%。结合结构化剪枝后,参数量可减少15%-65%,且质量损失可接受。内核分析显示加速完全来自前馈层中稠密矩阵乘法的减少,注意力层未变,因此该方法与注意力优化互补。我们在两个模型族(0.6B 和 3.8B 参数)上验证,多种子实验表明结果高度可复现。SparseKD无需外部超教师、无需架构改动、无需定制推理内核,可直接部署于现有基础设施。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Large language models are expensive to deploy. We introduce Sparse Knowledge Distillation (SparseKD), a post-training method that compresses transformer models by combining structured SVD pruning with self-referential knowledge distillation. The key insight is simple: instead of using an external teacher, the model teaches itself by matching its own probability distribution from before compression. This self-referential setup enables surprisingly strong quality recovery after aggressive pruning. Our experiments reveal an unexpected finding: self-referential distillation alone, applied post-training under an identical objective and fixed calibration dataset, improves model quality by 39% relative to the original converged checkpoint. When combined with structured pruning, SparseKD achieves 15-65% parameter reduction with acceptable quality trade-offs. Kernel profiling shows that speedups arise entirely from reduced dense matrix multiplication in feed-forward layers while attention remains unchanged, making this approach complementary to attention optimizations. We validate across two model families (0.6B and 3.8B parameters) with multi-seed experiments confirming high reproducibility. SparseKD requires no external super-teacher, no architectural changes, and no custom inference kernels, making it immediately deployable with existing infrastructure.
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