arXiv:2602.01741cs.CV2026-02被引 2

针对3D几何模型设计了高效量化方法,显著降低校准时间并提升精度。

Tail-Aware Post-Training Quantization for 3D Geometry Models

  • 构建渐进式粗到细校准策略,压缩数据集规模同时保持几何代表性。
  • 将量化区间搜索转化为优化问题,计算复杂度从O(N)降至O(log N)。
  • 基于尾部相对误差自适应补偿敏感模块,减少长尾异常值带来的误差。

3D几何模型日益复杂,部署于资源受限平台面临挑战。尽管后训练量化(PTQ)可实现无需微调的高效推理,但传统方法主要面向2D视觉变换器,难以有效迁移到3D模型,因特征分布复杂且校准开销巨大。为此,我们提出专为3D几何学习设计的尾部感知后训练量化(TAPTQ)。贡献有三:(1) 针对3D数据集规模瓶颈,提出渐进式粗到细校准构造策略,构建高紧凑子集以兼顾统计纯净性与几何代表性;(2) 将量化区间搜索重定义为优化问题,引入基于三元搜索的求解器,使计算复杂度从O(N)降至O(log N),加速部署;(3) 为缓解量化误差累积,提出基于尾部相对误差(TRE)的模块级补偿机制,自适应识别并修正对长尾激活异常值敏感模块的失真。在VGGT和Pi3基准上的大量实验表明,TAPTQ在保持更高精度的同时,显著缩短校准时间,优于现有最优PTQ方法。代码即将发布。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The burgeoning complexity and scale of 3D geometry models pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained platforms. While Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) enables efficient inference without retraining, conventional methods, primarily optimized for 2D Vision Transformers, fail to transfer effectively to 3D models due to intricate feature distributions and prohibitive calibration overhead. To address these challenges, we propose TAPTQ, a Tail-Aware Post-Training Quantization pipeline specifically engineered for 3D geometric learning. Our contribution is threefold: (1) To overcome the data-scale bottleneck in 3D datasets, we develop a progressive coarse-to-fine calibration construction strategy that constructs a highly compact subset to achieve both statistical purity and geometric representativeness. (2) We reformulate the quantization interval search as an optimization problem and introduce a ternary-search-based solver, reducing the computational complexity from $\mathcal{O}(N)$ to $\mathcal{O}(\log N)$ for accelerated deployment. (3) To mitigate quantization error accumulation, we propose TRE-Guided Module-wise Compensation, which utilizes a Tail Relative Error (TRE) metric to adaptively identify and rectify distortions in modules sensitive to long-tailed activation outliers. Extensive experiments on the VGGT and Pi3 benchmarks demonstrate that TAPTQ consistently outperforms state-of-the-art PTQ methods in accuracy while significantly reducing calibration time. The code will be released soon.

3D几何量化模型压缩

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