针对工业操作规程检索难题,提出多视角图专家框架
SOPRAG: Multi-view Graph Experts Retrieval for Industrial Standard Operating Procedures
- 用实体、因果、流程三类图专家替代传统文本切块
- 在四个工业领域中实现检索准确率与执行成功率双提升
- 适合需要高可靠性操作指导的工业AI系统开发者
标准操作程序(SOP)对保障工业环境中的安全与一致性至关重要。然而,检索与遵循这些规程面临独特挑战:结构僵化、条件依赖的相关性以及可执行性要求,现有语义驱动的检索增强生成(RAG)范式难以应对。受混合专家(MoE)思想启发,我们提出SOPRAG,一种专为解决工业规程检索痛点设计的新框架。SOPRAG以实体、因果和流程图专家取代扁平切块,化解工业结构与逻辑复杂性。通过流程卡层剪枝搜索空间以消除计算噪声,并引入大模型引导的门控机制动态加权专家,使检索更贴合操作意图。针对领域数据稀缺问题,我们还设计了自动化多智能体工作流用于基准构建。在四个工业领域的大量实验表明,SOPRAG显著优于强基线的词汇、密集与图模型,在检索准确率与响应实用性上均取得领先,真实关键任务中达成完美执行得分。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) are essential for ensuring operational safety and consistency in industrial environments. However, retrieving and following these procedures presents unique challenges, such as rigid proprietary structures, condition-dependent relevance, and actionable execution requirement, which standard semantic-driven Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) paradigms fail to address. Inspired by the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) paradigm, we propose SOPRAG, a novel framework specifically designed to address the above pain points in SOP retrieval. SOPRAG replaces flat chunking with specialized Entity, Causal, and Flow graph experts to resolve industrial structural and logical complexities. To optimize and coordinate these experts, we propose a Procedure Card layer that prunes the search space to eliminate computational noise, and an LLM-Guided gating mechanism that dynamically weights these experts to align retrieval with operator intent. To address the scarcity of domain-specific data, we also introduce an automated, multi-agent workflow for benchmark construction. Extensive experiments across four industrial domains demonstrate that SOPRAG significantly outperforms strong lexical, dense, and graph-based RAG baselines in both retrieval accuracy and response utility, achieving perfect execution scores in real-world critical tasks.
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