让知识图谱随查询动态调整,提升多跳推理的完整召回
Breaking the Static Graph: Context-Aware Traversal for Robust Retrieval-Augmented Generation
- 用查询感知权重动态调整图谱路径,避免陷入无关节点
- 在四个多跳基准上超越现有模型,证据链完整率显著提升
- 适合需要精准推理链的问答系统、智能客服等场景
近期检索增强生成(RAG)从简单向量匹配转向结构感知方法,如HippoRAG,利用知识图谱(KG)与个性化页面排名(PPR)捕捉多跳依赖。但此类方法存在“静态图谬误”:索引时固定的转移概率忽略边的相关性随查询变化,导致随机游走被导向高连接度的“枢纽”节点,引发语义漂移,虽有高部分召回却难以获取完整的证据链。为此,我们提出CatRAG——一种上下文感知遍历框架,基于HippoRAG 2架构,将静态知识图谱转为查询自适应导航结构。引入三项机制:(1)符号锚定,注入弱实体约束以正则化游走;(2)查询感知动态边权重,动态修剪无关路径并增强与查询意图一致的路径;(3)关键事实段落加权,低成本结构锚定以引导游走至可能证据。在四个多跳基准测试中,CatRAG持续优于当前最优基线。分析显示,尽管标准召回指标提升有限,但在推理完整性方面显著改善,能更完整恢复证据路径。结果表明,该方法有效弥合了部分上下文检索与完全可依据推理之间的鸿沟。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advances in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have shifted from simple vector similarity to structure-aware approaches like HippoRAG, which leverage Knowledge Graphs (KGs) and Personalized PageRank (PPR) to capture multi-hop dependencies. However, these methods suffer from a "Static Graph Fallacy": they rely on fixed transition probabilities determined during indexing. This rigidity ignores the query-dependent nature of edge relevance, causing semantic drift where random walks are diverted into high-degree "hub" nodes before reaching critical downstream evidence. Consequently, models often achieve high partial recall but fail to retrieve the complete evidence chain required for multi-hop queries. To address this, we propose CatRAG, Context-Aware Traversal for robust RAG, a framework that builds on the HippoRAG 2 architecture and transforms the static KG into a query-adaptive navigation structure. We introduce a multi-faceted framework to steer the random walk: (1) Symbolic Anchoring, which injects weak entity constraints to regularize the random walk; (2) Query-Aware Dynamic Edge Weighting, which dynamically modulates graph structure, to prune irrelevant paths while amplifying those aligned with the query's intent; and (3) Key-Fact Passage Weight Enhancement, a cost-efficient bias that structurally anchors the random walk to likely evidence. Experiments across four multi-hop benchmarks demonstrate that CatRAG consistently outperforms state of the art baselines. Our analysis reveals that while standard Recall metrics show modest gains, CatRAG achieves substantial improvements in reasoning completeness, the capacity to recover the entire evidence path without gaps. These results reveal that our approach effectively bridges the gap between retrieving partial context and enabling fully grounded reasoning. Resources are available at https://github.com/kwunhang/CatRAG.
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