用隐式模型修复肺树拓扑缺陷,一次推理完成修复、标注与重建。
Learning Topology-Aware Implicit Field for Unified Pulmonary Tree Modeling with Incomplete Topological Supervision

- 通过隐式场学习,从不完整肺树中自动修复拓扑断点
- 在Lung3D+数据集上提升拓扑完整性并实现高精度标注与重建
- 适合临床大规模快速分析,单例处理仅需1秒多
从CT图像提取的肺树常存在分支缺失或断裂等拓扑不完整问题,严重影响后续解剖分析并限制现有建模流程的应用。当前方法多依赖密集体素处理、显式图推理或通用点云补全先验,导致效率低、结构感知弱且对真实结构损坏鲁棒性差。我们提出TopoField,一种拓扑感知的隐式建模框架,将拓扑修复视为首要建模任务,实现肺树分析的统一多任务推理。TopoField使用稀疏表面与骨架点云表示肺部解剖结构,通过在已有不完整肺树上合成引入结构破坏进行训练,学习连续隐式场以无需完整或显式断连标注即可完成拓扑修复。基于修复后的隐式表示,解剖标签与肺段重建在单一前向传播中联合推断。在Lung3D+数据集上的大量实验表明,TopoField在挑战性不完整场景下持续提升拓扑完整性,并实现精准的解剖标注与肺段重建。进一步在外部分割模型产生的真实不完整输出上验证,证明其适用于实际分割流程。由于隐式形式,TopoField具备极高计算效率,每例处理仅需1秒多,凸显其在大规模、时敏临床应用中的实用性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Pulmonary trees extracted from CT images frequently exhibit topological incompleteness, such as missing or disconnected branches, which substantially degrades downstream anatomical analysis and limits the applicability of existing pulmonary tree modeling pipelines. Current approaches typically rely on dense volumetric processing, explicit graph reasoning, or generic point cloud completion priors, leading to limited efficiency, weak structural awareness, and reduced robustness under realistic structural corruption. We propose TopoField, a topology-aware implicit modeling framework that treats topology repair as a first-class modeling problem and enables unified multi-task inference for pulmonary tree analysis. TopoField represents pulmonary anatomy using sparse surface and skeleton point clouds and learns a continuous implicit field that supports topology repair without relying on complete or explicit disconnection annotations, by training on synthetically introduced structural disruptions over \textit{already} incomplete trees. Building upon the repaired implicit representation, anatomical labeling and lung segment reconstruction are jointly inferred through task-specific implicit functions within a single forward pass. Extensive experiments on the Lung3D+ dataset demonstrate that TopoField consistently improves topological completeness and achieves accurate anatomical labeling and lung segment reconstruction under challenging incomplete scenarios. We further validate TopoField on real incomplete outputs from an external segmentation model, demonstrating its applicability to realistic segmentation pipelines. Owing to its implicit formulation, TopoField attains high computational efficiency, completing all tasks in just over one second per case, highlighting its practicality for large-scale and time-sensitive clinical applications.
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