arXiv:2602.02618cs.LGcs.AI2026-02

用少量标注数据发现鸟类运动数据中的新行为,解决标签少、类别不均问题。

A Semi-Supervised Pipeline for Generalized Behavior Discovery from Animal-Borne Motion Time Series

  • 基于标注数据学习嵌入,结合未标注数据进行引导聚类。
  • 在隐藏行为未被标注时仍能识别出独立聚类,且含新颖性判断。
  • 通过密度区域重叠度量化新行为,适合生态学运动分析场景。

从海鸥佩戴的传感器中学习行为分类极具挑战:标签稀缺、类别高度不平衡,且某些行为可能未出现在标注集中。本文研究短时多变量运动片段中的广义行为发现,每个样本包含三轴加速度(20 Hz)和GPS速度,共九种专家标注的行为类别。提出一种半监督发现流程:(i) 从标注子集学习嵌入函数;(ii) 对标注与未标注样本的嵌入进行标签引导聚类,形成候选行为组;(iii) 利用核密度估计 + 最高密度区域(HDR)的包含分数判断发现组是否真正新颖。该方法的关键贡献在于设计了一种可解释的新颖性统计量——包含分数,用于衡量发现聚类分布与已知类分布之间的包含关系。实验中,当某一完整行为仅存在于未标注数据中时,模型仍能恢复出独立聚类,并通过低重叠的包含分数成功标记为新颖;而在无新行为的对照设置中,重叠度始终较高。结果表明,基于HDR的包含分数可在标注有限、类别严重失衡条件下,为生态运动时间序列提供有效的广义类别发现定量测试。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Learning behavioral taxonomies from animal-borne sensors is challenging because labels are scarce, classes are highly imbalanced, and behaviors may be absent from the annotated set. We study generalized behavior discovery in short multivariate motion snippets from gulls, where each sample is a sequence with 3-axis IMU acceleration (20 Hz) and GPS speed, spanning nine expert-annotated behavior categories. We propose a semi-supervised discovery pipeline that (i) learns an embedding function from the labeled subset, (ii) performs label-guided clustering over embeddings of both labeled and unlabeled samples to form candidate behavior groups, and (iii) decides whether a discovered group is truly novel using a containment score. Our key contribution is a KDE + HDR (highest-density region) containment score that measures how much a discovered cluster distribution is contained within, or contains, each known-class distribution; the best-match containment score serves as an interpretable novelty statistic. In experiments where an entire behavior is withheld from supervision and appears only in the unlabeled pool, the method recovers a distinct cluster and the containment score flags novelty via low overlap, while a negative-control setting with no novel behavior yields consistently higher overlaps. These results suggest that HDR-based containment provides a practical, quantitative test for generalized class discovery in ecological motion time series under limited annotation and severe class imbalance.

行为识别半监督动物运动异常检测

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。