实验检验机器人伦理不对称性，发现人类对机器人的道德评价呈对称关系。
Ethical Asymmetry in Human-Robot Interaction - An Empirical Test of Sparrow's Hypothesis
- 通过在线问卷操控行为道德性，考察不同美德维度下的反应
- 道德评价与美德感知呈三次方对称关系，未支持不对称假设
- 新改编的美德量表可为后续研究提供工具参考
人类-机器人交互（HRI）的伦理问题长期基于三种传统框架展开讨论：义务论、后果主义与德性伦理。本研究采用混合组内/组间实验设计，检验了Sparrow提出的伦理不对称性假说。以道德行为可接受性（MPA）作为分组变量，美德类型（审慎、公正、勇敢、节制）作为组内因素，使用在线问卷测量感知道德可接受性（PMPA）与感知美德评分（PVS）。PVS基于改进版《核心美德问卷》（QCV），PMPA参考Malle等人[39]的工作。结果表明，MPA显著影响PMPA与感知美德评分；两者关系的最佳拟合模型为立方函数，具有对称特征。研究未验证Sparrow的不对称性假说。改良版QCV有望在后续研究中应用，但需进一步心理测量学评估。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The ethics of human-robot interaction (HRI) have been discussed extensively based on three traditional frameworks: deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics. We conducted a mixed within/between experiment to investigate Sparrow's proposed ethical asymmetry hypothesis in human treatment of robots. The moral permissibility of action (MPA) was manipulated as a subject grouping variable, and virtue type (prudence, justice, courage, and temperance) was controlled as a within-subjects factor. We tested moral stimuli using an online questionnaire with Perceived Moral Permissibility of Action (PMPA) and Perceived Virtue Scores (PVS) as response measures. The PVS measure was based on an adaptation of the established Questionnaire on Cardinal Virtues (QCV), while the PMPA was based on Malle et al. [39] work. We found that the MPA significantly influenced the PMPA and perceived virtue scores. The best-fitting model to describe the relationship between PMPA and PVS was cubic, which is symmetrical in nature. Our study did not confirm Sparrow's asymmetry hypothesis. The adaptation of the QCV is expected to have utility for future studies, pending additional psychometric property assessments.
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