arXiv:2602.02960cs.ROcs.AI2026-02被引 3

一套统一控制器让不同人形机器人学会多种动作,无需为每台重新调参。

Embodiment-Aware Generalist Specialist Distillation for Unified Humanoid Whole-Body Control

  • 通过迭代式师生蒸馏,从通用策略生成专用策略再回流强化。
  • 在5个仿真和4个真实机器人上实现高精度、强鲁棒的全身控制。
  • 适合需要跨多机器人部署复杂行为的工业级人形控制场景。

近期基于强化学习的人形机器人全身控制器取得了显著进展,但多数仅针对单一机器人形态。由于动力学差异、自由度数量与运动学拓扑结构不同,单一策略难以适配多样人形机器人。此外,实现不仅能跨形态迁移,还能执行下蹲、前倾等丰富动作的通用策略仍具挑战。本文提出EAGLE框架,一种迭代式的通用-专用蒸馏方法,可在不进行每台机器人专属奖励调优的情况下,训练出能统一控制多个异构人形机器人的策略。每轮循环中,从当前通用策略衍生出特定形态的专用策略,在各自机器人上优化后,将新技能通过联合数据集回流至通用策略。经多次迭代直至性能收敛,该方法在Unitree H1、G1、Fourier N1等多款机器人上验证有效。实验涵盖5种仿真机器人和4种真实机器人,定量评估显示其跟踪精度与鲁棒性优于现有方法,推动了可扩展的机器人车队级人形控制发展。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Humanoid Whole-Body Controllers trained with reinforcement learning (RL) have recently achieved remarkable performance, yet many target a single robot embodiment. Variations in dynamics, degrees of freedom (DoFs), and kinematic topology still hinder a single policy from commanding diverse humanoids. Moreover, obtaining a generalist policy that not only transfers across embodiments but also supports richer behaviors-beyond simple walking to squatting, leaning-remains especially challenging. In this work, we tackle these obstacles by introducing EAGLE, an iterative generalist-specialist distillation framework that produces a single unified policy that controls multiple heterogeneous humanoids without per-robot reward tuning. During each cycle, embodiment-specific specialists are forked from the current generalist, refined on their respective robots, and new skills are distilled back into the generalist by training on the pooled embodiment set. Repeating this loop until performance convergence produces a robust Whole-Body Controller validated on robots such as Unitree H1, G1, and Fourier N1. We conducted experiments on five different robots in simulation and four in real-world settings. Through quantitative evaluations, EAGLE achieves high tracking accuracy and robustness compared to other methods, marking a step toward scalable, fleet-level humanoid control. See more details at https://eagle-wbc.github.io/

人形机器人强化学习统一控制蒸馏

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