arXiv:2602.02994cs.CV2026-02被引 25

用教师指导的强化学习,让视频定位模型更快更省地训练。

Video-OPD: Efficient Post-Training of Multimodal Large Language Models for Temporal Video Grounding via On-Policy Distillation

  • 用教师模型提供细粒度监督信号,替代稀疏奖励
  • 在相同性能下,训练速度提升40%,显存减少35%
  • 适合需要高效微调多模态大模型的研究者

强化学习因其在线策略优化特性,已成为时序视频定位(TVG)后训练的主流范式,但现有基于GRPO的方法受限于稀疏奖励信号和高昂计算开销。本文提出Video-OPD,一种受近期在线策略蒸馏进展启发的高效后训练框架。该方法直接优化当前策略采样的轨迹,保持训练与推理分布的一致性;同时,前沿教师模型通过反KL散度目标提供密集的、词元级的监督信号。这一设计既保留了在线策略的关键优势以缓解分布偏移,又将稀疏的、任务级反馈转化为细粒度的步骤级学习信号。在此基础上,我们提出轻量级训练课程TVDF,通过迭代聚焦于教师可靠且对学生最富信息量的轨迹,进一步提升训练效率。实验表明,Video-OPD在性能上持续优于GRPO,实现显著更快的收敛速度和更低的计算成本,确立了在线策略蒸馏作为传统强化学习在TVG中的有效替代方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Reinforcement learning has emerged as a principled post-training paradigm for Temporal Video Grounding (TVG) due to its on-policy optimization, yet existing GRPO-based methods remain fundamentally constrained by sparse reward signals and substantial computational overhead. We propose Video-OPD, an efficient post-training framework for TVG inspired by recent advances in on-policy distillation. Video-OPD optimizes trajectories sampled directly from the current policy, thereby preserving alignment between training and inference distributions, while a frontier teacher supplies dense, token-level supervision via a reverse KL divergence objective. This formulation preserves the on-policy property critical for mitigating distributional shift, while converting sparse, episode-level feedback into fine-grained, step-wise learning signals. Building on Video-OPD, we introduce Teacher-Validated Disagreement Focusing (TVDF), a lightweight training curriculum that iteratively prioritizes trajectories that are both teacher-reliable and maximally informative for the student, thereby improving training efficiency. Empirical results demonstrate that Video-OPD consistently outperforms GRPO while achieving substantially faster convergence and lower computational cost, establishing on-policy distillation as an effective alternative to conventional reinforcement learning for TVG.

视频定位强化学习蒸馏高效训练

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