arXiv:2602.03974cs.AI2026-02

让智能体主动确认关键信息,减少无效尝试,提升规划效率。

Active Epistemic Control for Query-Efficient Verified Planning

  • 用真假分离机制:真实信息用于决策,预测信息仅用于筛选方案。
  • 在不确定时主动提问,在确定时模拟验证,减少重规划次数。
  • 适合需要低交互成本的复杂任务规划,尤其对大模型代理有帮助。

在部分可观测的交互环境中进行规划极具挑战:任务关键前提(如物体位置或容器状态)可能在决策时未知,而通过交互获取这些信息代价高昂。已有世界模型可低成本预测缺失事实,但预测错误可能导致不可行的承诺。本文提出主动认知控制(AEC),一种基于信念管理的分类可行性规划层,将模型驱动的信念管理与分类可行性检查相结合。AEC严格区分用于决策的‘已验证事实库’和仅用于剪枝的‘信念库’。每一步中,当不确定性高或预测模糊时,主动查询环境以验证未决谓词;当信心足够时,则通过模拟谓词来过滤假设。最终承诺由已验证前提覆盖度和类似SQ-BCP的回溯兼容性检查共同决定,因此模拟信念只影响效率,不能直接保证可行性。在ALFWorld和ScienceWorld上的实验表明,AEC在成功率相当的情况下,显著少于强基线大模型代理的重规划轮次。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Planning in interactive environments is challenging under partial observability: task-critical preconditions (e.g., object locations or container states) may be unknown at decision time, yet grounding them through interaction is costly. Learned world models can cheaply predict missing facts, but prediction errors can silently induce infeasible commitments. We present \textbf{Active Epistemic Control (AEC)}, an epistemic-categorical planning layer that integrates model-based belief management with categorical feasibility checks. AEC maintains a strict separation between a \emph{grounded fact store} used for commitment and a \emph{belief store} used only for pruning candidate plans. At each step, it either queries the environment to ground an unresolved predicate when uncertainty is high or predictions are ambiguous, or simulates the predicate to filter hypotheses when confidence is sufficient. Final commitment is gated by grounded precondition coverage and an SQ-BCP pullback-style compatibility check, so simulated beliefs affect efficiency but cannot directly certify feasibility. Experiments on ALFWorld and ScienceWorld show that AEC achieves competitive success with fewer replanning rounds than strong LLM-agent baselines.

智能体规划认知控制交互学习高效推理

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