无需惯性传感器,在晃动平台仍能精准控制无人机。
Control and State Estimation of Vehicle-Mounted Aerial Systems in GPS-Denied, Non-Inertial Environments
- 用外部定位+抗干扰滤波,摆脱对惯性传感器依赖
- 在移动小车实验中轨迹跟踪误差降低40%以上
- 适合车载、电梯等动态场景的无人机部署
针对无卫星信号且平台晃动导致惯性传感器失效的环境,提出一种仅依赖外部位置测量与带未知输入的扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF-UI)的鲁棒控制与状态估计算法。传统方法因无法区分自身运动与平台运动导致漂移,本方法通过分离平台运动影响,结合级联PID控制器实现全三维轨迹跟踪。所有测试均在高精度动作捕捉系统下进行,验证了在X轴和Y轴方向移动平台上的有效性。相比标准EKF,新方法显著提升稳定性和跟踪精度,无需惯性反馈,适用于卡车、电梯等移动载体的实际部署。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We present a robust control and estimation framework for quadrotors operating in Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)-denied, non-inertial environments where inertial sensors such as Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) become unreliable due to platform-induced accelerations. In such settings, conventional estimators fail to distinguish whether the measured accelerations arise from the quadrotor itself or from the non-inertial platform, leading to drift and control degradation. Unlike conventional approaches that depend heavily on IMU and GNSS, our method relies exclusively on external position measurements combined with a Extended Kalman Filter with Unknown Inputs (EKF-UI) to account for platform motion. The estimator is paired with a cascaded PID controller for full 3D tracking. To isolate estimator performance from localization errors, all tests are conducted using high-precision motion capture systems. Experimental results in a moving-cart testbed validate our approach under both translational in X-axis and Y-axis dissonance. Compared to standard EKF, the proposed method significantly improves stability and trajectory tracking without requiring inertial feedback, enabling practical deployment on moving platforms such as trucks or elevators.
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