让足式机器人自主搬移家具,实现无故障连续作业。
ALORE: Autonomous Large-Object Rearrangement with a Legged Manipulator
- 分层强化学习控制多物体移动,提升稳定性与效率
- 单策略精准调控多种物体的平面运动速度
- 支持动态重规划,适合复杂场景下的长距离搬运
赋予机器人自主搬移大型重物(如家具)的能力可显著减轻人力负担。然而,该任务因需在复杂环境中与多样化物体交互、高效完成多物体重排且避免碰撞而极具挑战性。本文提出ALORE系统,实现足式机械臂对多种大件物体的自主重排。系统具备三大特性:(i) 分层强化学习训练框架,高层物体速度控制器基于底层全身控制器,实现多物体间高效稳定联合学习;(ii) 统一交互配置表示与物体速度估计算法,使单一策略可准确调控不同物体的平面速度;(iii) 任务与运动规划协同优化物体访问顺序与目标分配,提升效率并支持在线重规划。实验对比表明,系统在策略泛化、速度跟踪精度及多物体重排效率上均优于强基线。系统在仿真与真实世界中均验证了鲁棒性与有效性:成功完成8轮连续重排32把椅子,耗时近40分钟无失败;并在约40米长路径上实现远距离自主重排。开源代码已发布于https://zhihaibi.github.io/Alore/。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Endowing robots with the ability to rearrange various large and heavy objects, such as furniture, can substantially alleviate human workload. However, this task is extremely challenging due to the need to interact with diverse objects and efficiently rearrange multiple objects in complex environments while ensuring collision-free loco-manipulation. In this work, we present ALORE, an autonomous large-object rearrangement system for a legged manipulator that can rearrange various large objects across diverse scenarios. The proposed system is characterized by three main features: (i) a hierarchical reinforcement learning training pipeline for multi-object environment learning, where a high-level object velocity controller is trained on top of a low-level whole-body controller to achieve efficient and stable joint learning across multiple objects; (ii) two key modules, a unified interaction configuration representation and an object velocity estimator, that allow a single policy to regulate planar velocity of diverse objects accurately; and (iii) a task-and-motion planning framework that jointly optimizes object visitation order and object-to-target assignment, improving task efficiency while enabling online replanning. Comparisons against strong baselines show consistent superiority in policy generalization, object-velocity tracking accuracy, and multi-object rearrangement efficiency. Key modules are systematically evaluated, and extensive simulations and real-world experiments are conducted to validate the robustness and effectiveness of the entire system, which successfully completes 8 continuous loops to rearrange 32 chairs over nearly 40 minutes without a single failure, and executes long-distance autonomous rearrangement over an approximately 40 m route. The open-source packages are available at https://zhihaibi.github.io/Alore/.
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