用Kubernetes原生工具链构建高效GenAI推理平台,提升音视频转录与摘要性能。
Evaluating Kubernetes Performance for GenAI Inference: From Automatic Speech Recognition to LLM Summarization
- 整合Kueue、DAS和GAIE实现批量与在线推理任务调度优化
- 批处理任务总完成时间减少15%,单任务平均完成时间缩短36%
- 高负载下首令牌延迟降低90%,适合大规模GenAI部署者参考
随着生成式AI(GenAI)推理成为主导工作负载,Kubernetes生态正主动演进以支持其独特需求。本文展示如何组合新兴的Kubernetes原生项目,为复杂AI工作流提供容器编排的可扩展性与资源效率。我们实现并评估了一个包含自动语音识别与摘要的多阶段用例:首先使用Kueue管理基于Whisper模型的音频文件转录任务,并通过动态加速器切片(DAS)提升并行执行能力;其次在离线推理场景中,将转录文本输入大语言模型进行摘要,由llm-d服务承载,该方案利用Kubernetes网关API推理扩展(GAIE)实现请求路由优化。结果表明,这些组件协同工作形成高性能平台:Kueue将总完成时间(makespan)降低最多15%;DAS使平均任务完成时间缩短36%;在高负载下,结合llm-d与GAIE可将尾部首令牌延迟降低高达90%。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
As Generative AI (GenAI), particularly inference, rapidly emerges as a dominant workload category, the Kubernetes ecosystem is proactively evolving to natively support its unique demands. This industry paper demonstrates how emerging Kubernetes-native projects can be combined to deliver the benefits of container orchestration, such as scalability and resource efficiency, to complex AI workflows. We implement and evaluate an illustrative, multi-stage use case consisting of automatic speech recognition and summarization. First, we address batch inference by using Kueue to manage jobs that transcribe audio files with Whisper models and Dynamic Accelerator Slicer (DAS) to increase parallel job execution. Second, we address a discrete online inference scenario by feeding the transcripts to a Large Language Model for summarization hosted using llm-d, a novel solution utilizing the recent developments around the Kubernetes Gateway API Inference Extension (GAIE) for optimized routing of inference requests. Our findings illustrate that these complementary components (Kueue, DAS, and GAIE) form a cohesive, high-performance platform, proving Kubernetes' capability to serve as a unified foundation for demanding GenAI workloads: Kueue reduced total makespan by up to 15%; DAS shortened mean job completion time by 36\%; and GAIE working in conjunction with llm-d improved tail Time to First Token latency by up to 90% even under high loads.
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