arXiv:2602.05187cs.LGcs.NA2026-02

让傅里叶神经算子根据输入动态调整,提升PDE求解精度

SpectraKAN: Conditioning Spectral Operators

  • 用输入条件化频域卷积,实现自适应谱运算
  • 在多个PDE任务上将误差降低最多49%
  • 适合需要高精度时空预测的科学计算场景

谱神经算子(如FNO)因在频域具有高效全局混合能力,是学习偏微分方程(PDE)解算子的强大框架。然而现有谱算子依赖对所有输入统一的静态傅里叶核,难以捕捉多尺度、状态依赖及各向异性动态。本文提出SpectraKAN,一种将谱算子基于输入自身进行条件化的神经算子,将静态谱卷积转化为输入条件化的积分算子。通过提取时空历史的紧凑全局表征,并利用单查询交叉注意力调节多尺度傅里叶主干,使算子在保持频域混合效率的同时实现行为自适应。理论证明该调制在网格细化下收敛至分辨率无关的连续算子,且KAN保证了平滑、Lipschitz有界的全局调制。在多种PDE基准测试中,SpectraKAN达到当前最优性能,相较强基线最大减少49%的RMSE,尤其在复杂时空预测任务中表现突出。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Spectral neural operators, particularly Fourier Neural Operators (FNO), are a powerful framework for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs) due to their efficient global mixing in the frequency domain. However, existing spectral operators rely on static Fourier kernels applied uniformly across inputs, limiting their ability to capture multi-scale, regime-dependent, and anisotropic dynamics governed by the global state of the system. We introduce SpectraKAN, a neural operator that conditions the spectral operator on the input itself, turning static spectral convolution into an input-conditioned integral operator. This is achieved by extracting a compact global representation from spatio-temporal history and using it to modulate a multi-scale Fourier trunk via single-query cross-attention, enabling the operator to adapt its behaviour while retaining the efficiency of spectral mixing. We provide theoretical justification showing that this modulation converges to a resolution-independent continuous operator under mesh refinement and KAN gives smooth, Lipschitz-controlled global modulation. Across diverse PDE benchmarks, SpectraKAN achieves state-of-the-art performance, reducing RMSE by up to 49% over strong baselines, with particularly large gains on challenging spatio-temporal prediction tasks.

PDE求解谱网络条件化神经算子

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