arXiv:2602.05240cs.AI2026-02

融合多种AI解释技术,让脑肿瘤检测模型决策更透明。

Explainable AI: A Combined XAI Framework for Explaining Brain Tumour Detection Models

  • 结合GRAD-CAM、LRP与SHAP三种解释方法,层层剖析模型判断依据。
  • 在BraTS 2021数据集上达91.24%准确率,能识别完整与部分肿瘤。
  • 适合医疗AI开发者与临床医生,提升对AI诊断结果的信任度。

本研究探索将多种可解释人工智能(XAI)技术整合,以提升深度学习模型在脑肿瘤检测中的可解释性。基于BraTS 2021数据集,开发并训练了一个自定义卷积神经网络(CNN),在区分肿瘤与非肿瘤区域的任务中取得91.24%的准确率。研究融合了梯度加权类激活映射(GRAD-CAM)、逐层重要性传播(LRP)与SHapley加性解释(SHAP),提供多层次的模型决策分析。该方法成功识别出完整及部分肿瘤,从大范围兴趣区域到像素级细节均能给出解释。GRAD-CAM突出关键空间区域,LRP实现像素级相关性分析,SHAP量化各特征贡献。集成方法显著优于单一解释技术,尤其在部分肿瘤可见的情况下表现更优,有效揭示模型预测逻辑。该研究通过多维度解释框架提升了AI医疗影像分析的透明度与可信度,展示了集成XAI在脑肿瘤检测等关键医疗任务中的应用潜力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This study explores the integration of multiple Explainable AI (XAI) techniques to enhance the interpretability of deep learning models for brain tumour detection. A custom Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was developed and trained on the BraTS 2021 dataset, achieving 91.24% accuracy in distinguishing between tumour and non-tumour regions. This research combines Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (GRAD-CAM), Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) to provide comprehensive insights into the model's decision-making process. This multi-technique approach successfully identified both full and partial tumours, offering layered explanations ranging from broad regions of interest to pixel-level details. GRAD-CAM highlighted important spatial regions, LRP provided detailed pixel-level relevance and SHAP quantified feature contributions. The integrated approach effectively explained model predictions, including cases with partial tumour visibility thus showing superior explanatory power compared to individual XAI methods. This research enhances transparency and trust in AI-driven medical imaging analysis by offering a more comprehensive perspective on the model's reasoning. The study demonstrates the potential of integrated XAI techniques in improving the reliability and interpretability of AI systems in healthcare, particularly for critical tasks like brain tumour detection.

可解释AI脑肿瘤检测医学影像模型解释

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