用贝叶斯滤波思路加速流匹配,实时推断更高效。
Accelerated Sequential Flow Matching: A Bayesian Filtering Perspective
- 借鉴贝叶斯滤波递归更新思想,用前一时刻后验作采样起点。
- 仅需少量采样步数即达扩散模型精度,延迟大幅降低。
- 适用于粒子束、流体、天气等动态系统实时预测场景。
从连续观测中进行序列概率推断需建模未来轨迹分布。尽管扩散与流匹配模型能有效捕捉高维多模态分布,但其在实时流数据场景中通常依赖从非信息性初始分布重复采样,导致显著推理延迟,尤其在需多样本表征预测分布时。本文提出序贯贝叶斯流匹配框架,受贝叶斯滤波启发,通过学习一个概率流,将后验分布从一时刻递推至下一时刻,条件于新观测。关键在于利用前一时刻信念作为信息性源分布,实现远快于从头重采样的速度优势。在加速器束流溢出动力学、流体动力学、气象预报等科学预测任务及决策基准上,本方法在分布度量上性能媲美全步扩散模型,同时采样步数显著减少,大幅降低推理延迟。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Sequential probabilistic inference from streaming observations requires modeling distributions over future trajectories as new observations arrive. Although diffusion and flow-matching models are effective at capturing high-dimensional, multimodal distributions, their deployment in real-time streaming settings typically relies on repeatedly sampling from a non-informative initial distribution. This results in substantial inference latency, particularly when multiple samples are needed to characterize the predictive distribution. In this work, we introduce Sequential Bayesian Flow Matching, a framework inspired by Bayesian filtering. By learning a probability flow that transports the posterior distribution from one time step to the next time step conditioned on new observations, it mirrors the recursive structure of Bayesian belief updates. Crucially, by using the previous belief as an informative source distribution, it enables substantially faster sampling than naive resampling from scratch. Across scientific forecasting tasks spanning accelerator beam spill dynamics, fluid dynamics, and weather forecasting, as well as decision-making benchmarks, our method achieves performance competitive with full-step diffusion on distributional metrics while using far fewer sampling steps, substantially reducing inference latency. Our code is available at https://github.com/Graph-COM/Sequential_Flow_Matching.
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