让机器人通过理解任务需求,自动调整递物方式。
Task-Oriented Robot-Human Handovers on Legged Manipulators
- 用大模型分析物体用途,匹配相似示例并建立部件对应关系
- 零样本泛化下手交成功率显著提升,用户重抓次数减少37%
- 适用于腿式机械臂,适合真实场景人机协作
任务导向的手递手(TOH)是实现高效人机协作的基础,要求机器人以支持人类后续使用的方式递送物品。现有方法通常依赖于特定物体或任务的可用性特征,泛化能力有限。为此,我们提出AFT-Handover框架,融合大语言模型(LLM)驱动的可用性推理与高效的基于纹理的可用性迁移,实现零样本、可泛化的TOH。给定一个新颖的物体-任务组合时,该方法从数据库中检索一个代理示例,通过LLM推理建立部件级对应关系,并将可用性信息纹理化后进行基于特征的点云传递。我们在多种物体-任务组合上评估了AFT-Handover,结果显示其手交成功率更高且泛化能力更强。在用户对比实验中,本框架显著优于当前最优方法,有效减少了工具使用前的人类重抓次数。最后,我们在腿式机械臂上实现了TOH,验证了该框架在真实世界人机交互中的潜力。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Task-oriented handovers (TOH) are fundamental to effective human-robot collaboration, requiring robots to present objects in a way that supports the human's intended post-handover use. Existing approaches are typically based on object- or task-specific affordances, but their ability to generalize to novel scenarios is limited. To address this gap, we present AFT-Handover, a framework that integrates large language model (LLM)-driven affordance reasoning with efficient texture-based affordance transfer to achieve zero-shot, generalizable TOH. Given a novel object-task pair, the method retrieves a proxy exemplar from a database, establishes part-level correspondences via LLM reasoning, and texturizes affordances for feature-based point cloud transfer. We evaluate AFT-Handover across diverse task-object pairs, showing improved handover success rates and stronger generalization compared to baselines. In a comparative user study, our framework is significantly preferred over the current state-of-the-art, effectively reducing human regrasping before tool use. Finally, we demonstrate TOH on legged manipulators, highlighting the potential of our framework for real-world robot-human handovers.
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