用散斑调控波场聚焦，突破复杂介质中回波干扰成像瓶颈
Self-Portrait of the Focusing Process in Speckle: III. Tailoring Complex Spatio-Temporal Focusing Laws To Overcome Reverberations in Reflection Imaging
- 通过频域失真矩阵与时空傅里叶空间迭代相位反转实现复杂时空调控
- 实验在扰动板后成像组织模拟体，显著提升轴向与横向分辨率
- 适用于经颅超声等深层穿透成像，为复杂介质探测提供新方案
本文是利用散斑进行成像的系列第三篇。在复杂介质中，多重散射会完全模糊深度方向的成像。矩阵成像可为该问题提供有效框架。此前研究表明其适合探测散斑中的混响效应（见第一部分）。本文展示如何利用该方法设计复杂时空聚焦规律，以监控多反射路径与波场弹道分量间的干涉。为此，将失真矩阵概念拓展至频率域，并在时空傅里叶空间中实施迭代相位反转过程，以补偿混响并优化共聚焦图像的轴向与横向分辨率。首先，通过在扰动板后成像组织模拟体验证了概念可行性；随后讨论该策略在经颅超声及更广泛应用中的潜力与局限。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This is the third article in a series of three dealing with the exploitation of speckle for imaging purposes. In complex media, a fundamental limit is the multiple scattering phenomenon that completely blurs the imaging process in depth. Matrix imaging can provide a relevant framework for solving this problem. As it proved to be an adequate tool for probing reverberations in speckle [E. Giraudat et al., Part I], we will show how it can be used to tailor complex spatio-temporal focusing laws to monitor the interference between the multiply-reflected paths and the ballistic component of the wave-field. To do so, we extend the distortion matrix concept to the frequency domain. An iterative phase reversal process operated from the space-time Fourier space is then used to compensate for reverberations and optimize both the axial and transverse resolution of the confocal image. Here, we first present an experimental proof-of-concept consisting in imaging a tissue-mimicking phantom through a reverberating plate before outlining the potential and the limits of this strategy for transcranial ultrasound and beyond.
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