动态调整视频分辨率与色度采样，显著降低编码体积和解码能耗。
Adaptive Resolution and Chroma Subsampling for Energy-Efficient Video Coding
- 根据内容特性动态选择分辨率与色度采样组合，联合优化画质与效率。
- 相比固定444格式，平均节省13.48%码率，解码时间减少62.18%。
- 适用于对能效敏感的视频流媒体场景，如移动端与边缘设备。
传统视频编码器通常采用固定的色度采样格式（如YUV420），难以适应不同内容的色度细节变化，导致色度质量不佳和码率分配效率低下。本文提出自适应分辨率-色度采样（ARCS）框架，联合优化空间分辨率与色度采样，以平衡主观画质与解码效率。ARCS通过最大化复合质量-复杂度目标，为每个码率选择最优的（分辨率，色度格式）组合，并施加单调性约束以确保表示间平滑过渡。基于x265的实验结果表明，相较于固定格式编码（YUV444），ARCS在保持相同colorVideoVDP评分的前提下，平均实现13.48%的码率节省和62.18%的解码时间减少（作为解码能耗代理）。该框架首次将色度自适应引入能效优化视频流中。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Conventional video encoders typically employ a fixed chroma subsampling format, such as YUV420, which may not optimally reflect variations in chroma detail across different types of content. This can lead to suboptimal chroma quality and inefficiencies in bitrate allocation. We propose an Adaptive Resolution-Chroma Subsampling (ARCS) framework that jointly optimizes spatial resolution and chroma subsampling to balance perceptual quality and decoding efficiency. ARCS selects an optimal (resolution, chroma format) pair for each bitrate by maximizing a composite quality-complexity objective, while enforcing monotonicity constraints to ensure smooth transitions between representations. Experimental results using x265 show that, compared to a fixed-format encoding (YUV444), on average, ARCS achieves a 13.48 % bitrate savings and a 62.18 % reduction in decoding time, which we use as a proxy for the decoding energy, to yield the same colorVideoVDP score. The proposed framework introduces chroma adaptivity as a new control dimension for energy-efficient video streaming.
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