arXiv:2602.06292eess.IVcs.CV2026-02

仅用正常T1 MRI训练,实现跨对比度脑部MRI零样本配准。

Zero-shot Multi-Contrast Brain MRI Registration by Intensity Randomizing T1-weighted MRI (LUMIR25)

  • 通过多尺度结构与不变性约束提升配准鲁棒性。
  • 在未见对比度下保持高精度,验证跨模态泛化能力。
  • 适合医疗影像配准研究者与临床应用开发者。

本文提交至Learn2Reg 2025的LUMIR25任务,测试集排名第一。相较于LUMIR24,本年度任务聚焦于域偏移下的零样本配准(如高场强MRI、病理性大脑及多种成像对比度),而训练数据仅包含同域的T1加权脑部MRI。我们通过对LUMIR24优胜方案的细致分析,识别出强单模态配准性能的关键因素:注册专用归纳偏置,包括多分辨率金字塔、逆一致性与组一致性、拓扑保持或微分同胚性,以及基于相关性的对应关系建立。为进一步提升对多样对比度的泛化能力,提出三种简单但有效的策略:(i) 基于模态无关邻域描述符(MIND)的多模态损失;(ii) 强度随机化以增强未见对比度的伪数据;(iii) 推理时对特征编码器进行轻量级实例特定优化(ISO)。在验证集上,该方法显著提升了T1-T2配准精度,证明无需显式图像合成即可实现稳健的跨对比度泛化。结果表明,这为构建可利用单一训练域却适应多种域偏移的注册基础模型提供了可行路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In this paper, we present our submission to the LUMIR25 task of Learn2Reg 2025, which ranked 1st overall on the test set. Extended from LUMIR24, this year's task focuses on zero-shot registration under domain shifts (e.g., high-field MRI, pathological brains, and various MRI contrasts), while the training data comprises only in-domain T1-weighted brain MRI. We start with a meticulous analysis of LUMIR24 winners to identify the main contributors to strong monomodal registration performance. We highlight the importance of registration-specific inductive biases, including multi-resolution pyramids, inverse and group consistency, topological preservation or diffeomorphism, and correlation-based correspondence establishment. To further generalize to diverse contrasts, we employ three simple but effective strategies: (i) a multimodal loss based on the modality-independent neighborhood descriptor (MIND), (ii) intensity randomization for unseen contrast augmentation, and (iii) lightweight instance-specific optimization (ISO) on feature encoders at inference time. On the validation set, the proposed approach substantially improves T1-T2 registration accuracy, demonstrating robust cross-contrast generalization without relying on explicit image synthesis. These results suggest a practical step toward a registration foundation model that can leverage a single training domain yet remain robust across domain shifts.

医学图像图像配准零样本MRI

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