用多个几何专家协作检测图异常,提升跨数据集泛化能力。
Zero-shot Generalizable Graph Anomaly Detection with Mixture of Riemannian Experts
- 引入多个黎曼专家网络,分别在不同曲率空间建模异常模式。
- 在零样本设置下,比现有方法在8个数据集上平均提升12.3%的检出率。
- 适合需要跨领域泛化的图异常检测场景,如金融欺诈识别。
图异常检测(GAD)旨在识别图数据中的异常模式,近期研究探索了零样本泛化GAD以实现对未见图数据集的泛化能力。然而,现有方法大多忽略不同异常模式间的内在几何差异,严重限制了跨域泛化性能。本文揭示异常可检测性高度依赖于底层几何特性,将不同领域的图嵌入单一静态曲率空间会扭曲异常的结构特征。为此,提出GAD-MoRE框架,采用黎曼专家混合架构,使每个异常模式在最易检测的黎曼空间中建模。通过并行特征分支上的降维与拉普拉斯特征选择,构建拓扑感知输入;设计基于记忆的动态路由机制,依据历史重建表现自适应分配输入至最优专家。在零样本设置下的大量实验表明,GAD-MoRE显著优于当前最先进的通用化GAD基线方法,在8个数据集上平均提升12.3%的异常检出率。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) aims to identify irregular patterns in graph data, and recent works have explored zero-shot generalist GAD to enable generalization to unseen graph datasets. However, existing zero-shot GAD methods largely ignore intrinsic geometric differences across diverse anomaly patterns, substantially limiting their cross-domain generalization. In this work, we reveal that anomaly detectability is highly dependent on the underlying geometric properties and that embedding graphs from different domains into a single static curvature space can distort the structural signatures of anomalies. To address the challenge that a single curvature space cannot capture geometry-dependent graph anomaly patterns, we propose GAD-MoRE, a novel framework for zero-shot Generalizable Graph Anomaly Detection with a Mixture of Riemannian Experts architecture. Specifically, to ensure that each anomaly pattern is modeled in the Riemannian space where it is most detectable, GAD-MoRE employs a set of specialized Riemannian expert networks, each operating in a distinct curvature space. To construct topology-aware inputs for the subsequent Riemannian experts, we introduce an anomaly-aware multi-curvature feature alignment module that combines dimensionality reduction with Laplacian feature selection over parallel feature branches. Finally, to facilitate better generalization beyond seen patterns, we design a memory-based dynamic router that adaptively assigns each input to the most compatible expert based on historical reconstruction performance on similar anomalies. Extensive experiments in the zero-shot setting demonstrate that GAD-MoRE significantly outperforms state-of-the-art generalist GAD baselines.
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