用进化思想提升大模型挖因子效率,抗噪声强且可迁移。
QuantaAlpha: An Evolutionary Framework for LLM-Driven Alpha Mining
- 将每次挖因子过程视为演化轨迹,通过突变和交叉优化策略
- 在CSI 300上实现IC 0.0472、年化收益4.68%、最大回撤11.8%
- 因子跨市场有效迁移,对沪深500和标普500均表现稳健
金融市场噪声大且非平稳,导致因子挖掘易受回测噪声和市场结构变化影响。现有智能体框架虽提升自动化程度,但缺乏可控的多轮搜索机制与已验证经验的可靠复用。为此,我们提出QuantaAlpha,一个基于进化的因子挖掘框架,将每次完整挖掘过程视为一条演化轨迹,通过轨迹级突变与交叉优化因子。该框架定位低效步骤进行针对性修正,并重组高回报片段以复用有效模式,实现迭代间的结构化探索与精炼。在因子生成阶段,强制假设、表达式与可执行代码间的语义一致,并控制复杂度与冗余性以缓解过拟合。在CSI 300上的大量实验显示,其性能持续优于强基线及先前智能体系统。使用GPT-5.2时,实现IC 0.0472、年化收益率4.68%、最大回撤11.8%。此外,于CSI 300挖掘的因子可有效迁移到CSI 500与标普500,在四年间分别带来约40.28%与19.1%的累计超额收益,展现出对市场分布偏移的强鲁棒性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Financial markets are noisy and non-stationary, making alpha mining highly sensitive to backtest noise and regime shifts. While recent agentic frameworks improve automation, they often lack controllable multi-round search and reliable reuse of validated experience. To address these challenges, we propose QuantaAlpha, an evolutionary alpha mining framework that treats each end-to-end mining run as a trajectory and improves factors via trajectory-level mutation and crossover. QuantaAlpha localizes suboptimal steps for targeted revision and recombines complementary high-reward segments to reuse effective patterns, enabling structured exploration and refinement across iterations. During factor generation, it enforces semantic consistency across hypothesis, factor expression, and executable code, and constrains the complexity and redundancy of the generated factor to mitigate crowding. Extensive experiments on CSI 300 show consistent gains over strong baselines and prior agentic systems. Using GPT-5.2, QuantaAlpha achieves an IC of 0.0472 with ARR of 4.68% and MDD of 11.8%. Moreover, factors mined on CSI 300 transfer effectively to CSI 500 and the S&P 500, delivering about 40.28% and 19.1% cumulative excess return over four years, respectively, which indicates strong robustness under market distribution shifts.
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