arXiv:2602.07848cs.LG2026-02被引 2

用强化学习让多个代码生成智能体协作自搜,突破单模型性能极限。

MARTI-MARS$^2$: Scaling Multi-Agent Self-Search via Reinforcement Learning for Code Generation

  • 构建可学习的多智能体搜索环境,支持动态协作与策略进化。
  • 32B模型双协同达77.7%准确率,超越强基线如GPT-5.1。
  • 揭示策略多样性是多智能体强化学习规模化的核心因素。

大型语言模型虽具强大推理能力,但单智能体系统在复杂任务如代码生成中常遇性能瓶颈。多智能体协作有望突破此限制,但现有框架多依赖提示工程或同质参数训练,制约纠错能力与策略多样性。本文提出多智能体强化训练与推理框架MARTI-MARS²,将多智能体协作探索建模为动态可学习环境,使智能体能迭代探索与优化,实现从同质多角色到异质多智能体的演进,突破单智能体能力边界。我们还设计高效推理策略MARTI-MARS²-T+,充分释放多智能体协作的扩展潜力。在多种模型规模(8B、14B、32B)上测试,使用两个32B模型协作,MARTI-MARS²达到77.7%准确率,优于包括GPT-5.1在内的强基线。实验揭示新尺度定律:从单智能体到同质多角色,再到异质多智能体的演进,逐步提升强化学习性能上限、鲁棒性与策略多样性,表明策略多样性对多智能体强化学习的智能规模化至关重要。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

While the complex reasoning capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention, single-agent systems often encounter inherent performance ceilings in complex tasks such as code generation. Multi-agent collaboration offers a promising avenue to transcend these boundaries. However, existing frameworks typically rely on prompt-based test-time interactions or multi-role configurations trained with homogeneous parameters, limiting error correction capabilities and strategic diversity. In this paper, we propose a Multi-Agent Reinforced Training and Inference Framework with Self-Search Scaling (MARTI-MARS2), which integrates policy learning with multi-agent tree search by formulating the multi-agent collaborative exploration process as a dynamic and learnable environment. By allowing agents to iteratively explore and refine within the environment, the framework facilitates evolution from parameter-sharing homogeneous multi-role training to heterogeneous multi-agent training, breaking through single-agent capability limits. We also introduce an efficient inference strategy MARTI-MARS2-T+ to fully exploit the scaling potential of multi-agent collaboration at test time. We conduct extensive experiments across varied model scales (8B, 14B, and 32B) on challenging code generation benchmarks. Utilizing two collaborating 32B models, MARTI-MARS2 achieves 77.7%, outperforming strong baselines like GPT-5.1. Furthermore, MARTI-MARS2 reveals a novel scaling law: shifting from single-agent to homogeneous multi-role and ultimately to heterogeneous multi-agent paradigms progressively yields higher RL performance ceilings, robust TTS capabilities, and greater policy diversity, suggesting that policy diversity is critical for scaling intelligence via multi-agent reinforcement learning.

多智能体代码生成强化学习大规模模型

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