arXiv:2602.08370cs.ROcs.AI2026-02被引 8

让机器人从模仿人类动作进化为真正能打羽毛球的选手。

Learning Human-Like Badminton Skills for Humanoid Robots

  • 用人类数据构建运动先验,通过模型压缩和对抗性稳定提升控制精度。
  • 提出流形扩展策略,将离散击球点扩展为连续交互空间,缓解专家数据稀疏问题。
  • 首次实现拟人机器人零样本仿真到现实的羽毛球技能迁移,兼具优雅与精准。

在羽毛球等高要求体育项目中实现通用且类人的表现,仍是人形机器人面临的重大挑战。该任务不仅需要全身爆发性协调,还需精准的时间控制与拦截能力。尽管近期研究已实现逼真的运动模仿,但如何在保持自然风格的同时,将运动学模仿转化为具备物理感知功能的击打能力仍具难度。为此,我们提出「模仿到交互」的渐进式强化学习框架,通过人类数据建立鲁棒运动先验,将其提炼为紧凑的基于模型的状态表示,并利用对抗性先验稳定动态系统。关键在于,为克服专家示范数据稀疏问题,引入流形扩展策略,将离散击球点泛化为密集交互区域。我们在仿真中验证了该框架对高远球、劈杀等多样技能的掌握能力,并首次实现拟人化羽毛球技能的零样本仿真到现实迁移,在物理世界成功复现人类运动员的运动美感与功能精度。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Realizing versatile and human-like performance in high-demand sports like badminton remains a formidable challenge for humanoid robotics. Unlike standard locomotion or static manipulation, this task demands a seamless integration of explosive whole-body coordination and precise, timing-critical interception. While recent advances have achieved lifelike motion mimicry, bridging the gap between kinematic imitation and functional, physics-aware striking without compromising stylistic naturalness is non-trivial. To address this, we propose Imitation-to-Interaction, a progressive reinforcement learning framework designed to evolve a robot from a "mimic" to a capable "striker." Our approach establishes a robust motor prior from human data, distills it into a compact, model-based state representation, and stabilizes dynamics via adversarial priors. Crucially, to overcome the sparsity of expert demonstrations, we introduce a manifold expansion strategy that generalizes discrete strike points into a dense interaction volume. We validate our framework through the mastery of diverse skills, including lifts and drop shots, in simulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the first zero-shot sim-to-real transfer of anthropomorphic badminton skills to a humanoid robot, successfully replicating the kinetic elegance and functional precision of human athletes in the physical world.

人形机器人运动控制强化学习仿真到现实

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