arXiv:2602.08660cs.LGcs.AI2026-02被引 1

提出公平生成新标准,确保不同群体生成质量均衡。

Equalized Generative Treatment: Matching f-divergences for Fairness in Generative Models

  • 以f散度衡量生成质量,要求各敏感群体表现一致
  • 最小最大微调法可同时提升公平性与整体性能
  • 适用于图像与文本生成,适合关注模型偏见的研究者

公平性是生成模型的重要关切,因其不仅反映甚至可能放大社会文化偏见。现有公平性定义多源自分类任务,侧重于平衡各敏感群体的生成概率,但此类标准脆弱,即使不同群体生成质量差异显著仍可满足。为此,本文提出新的生成公平性定义——等量生成对待(EGT),要求所有敏感群体具备相当的生成质量,质量通过参考f散度衡量。我们进一步分析了EGT带来的权衡:强制公平性会将整体模型质量绑定至最难建模群体的表现。这表明,采用简单高效的最小最大微调方法,即可在敏感群体间平衡f散度,实现EGT。我们在图像与文本生成任务上验证了该理论洞察,结果表明,最小最大方法始终优于文献中其他方法,在保持竞争力整体性能的同时实现更优公平性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Fairness is a crucial concern for generative models, which not only reflect but can also amplify societal and cultural biases. Existing fairness notions for generative models are largely adapted from classification and focus on balancing the probability of generating samples from each sensitive group. We show that such criteria are brittle, as they can be met even when different sensitive groups are modeled with widely varying quality. To address this limitation, we introduce a new fairness definition for generative models, termed as equalized generative treatment (EGT), which requires comparable generation quality across all sensitive groups, with quality measured via a reference f-divergence. We further analyze the trade-offs induced by EGT, demonstrating that enforcing fairness constraints necessarily couples the overall model quality to that of the most challenging group to approximate. This indicates that a simple yet efficient min-max fine-tuning method should be able to balance f-divergences across sensitive groups to satisfy EGT. We validate this theoretical insight through a set of experiments on both image and text generation tasks. We demonstrate that min-max methods consistently achieve fairer outcomes compared to other approaches from the literature, while maintaining competitive overall performance for both tasks.

生成模型公平性f散度偏见缓解

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