arXiv:2602.09304cs.LG2026-02被引 2

通过分析层间权重粗糙度,智能分配删除更新,避免模型遗忘时崩溃。

Statistical Roughness-Informed Machine Unlearning

  • 基于权重矩阵的重尾谱诊断,量化每层稳定性并动态分配更新强度。
  • 在对抗性删除场景下,比基线方法减少67%的预测偏差,提升模型鲁棒性。
  • 适合需要安全删除数据的场景,如医疗、金融等高敏感领域应用。

机器遗忘旨在移除指定遗忘集对训练模型的影响,同时保持对保留数据的性能。在现代深度网络中,由于层间异质性显著,近似遗忘常在大规模或对抗性删除下失效:部分层呈现稳定且正则化的表示,而其他层则脆弱、欠训练或过拟合,导致朴素的更新分配引发灾难性遗忘或不稳定的动态行为。我们提出统计粗糙度自适应梯度遗忘(SRAGU),一种机制优先的遗忘算法,利用层权重矩阵的重尾谱诊断,以统计粗糙度为依据重新分配遗忘更新。从遗忘集上计算的自适应梯度遗忘(AGU)敏感信号出发,SRAGU为每层估计类似WeightWatcher的重尾指数,映射为有界谱稳定性权重,并用该稳定性信号对AGU敏感性进行谱加权,再采用相同的随机小批量更新形式。这使遗忘动作集中在谱稳定层,同时抑制不稳定或过拟合层的更新,提升了硬删除下的稳定性。我们通过行为对齐至从保留数据重新训练的基准模型,使用经验预测分歧和到基准的KL散度代理指标,在聚焦遗忘的查询集上评估遗忘效果;此外还报告成员推断审计作为补充泄漏信号,将遗忘集样本视为应被遗忘的成员进行评估。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of a designated forget set from a trained model while preserving utility on the retained data. In modern deep networks, approximate unlearning frequently fails under large or adversarial deletions due to pronounced layer-wise heterogeneity: some layers exhibit stable, well-regularized representations while others are brittle, undertrained, or overfit, so naive update allocation can trigger catastrophic forgetting or unstable dynamics. We propose Statistical-Roughness Adaptive Gradient Unlearning (SRAGU), a mechanism-first unlearning algorithm that reallocates unlearning updates using layer-wise statistical roughness operationalized via heavy-tailed spectral diagnostics of layer weight matrices. Starting from an Adaptive Gradient Unlearning (AGU) sensitivity signal computed on the forget set, SRAGU estimates a WeightWatcher-style heavy-tailed exponent for each layer, maps it to a bounded spectral stability weight, and uses this stability signal to spectrally reweight the AGU sensitivities before applying the same minibatch update form. This concentrates unlearning motion in spectrally stable layers while damping updates in unstable or overfit layers, improving stability under hard deletions. We evaluate unlearning via behavioral alignment to a gold retrained reference model trained from scratch on the retained data, using empirical prediction-divergence and KL-to-gold proxies on a forget-focused query set; we additionally report membership inference auditing as a complementary leakage signal, treating forget-set points as should-be-forgotten members during evaluation.

机器遗忘深度学习模型安全谱分析

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