arXiv:2602.10063cs.AI2026-02被引 1

让大模型像人一样切换思维模式解题,提升推理准确率。

Chain of Mindset: Reasoning with Adaptive Cognitive Modes

  • 将推理拆解为四种思维模式,动态选择最优策略。
  • 在六项基准测试中平均准确率领先基线4.96%和4.72%。
  • 无需训练,适用于数学、编程、科学问答等复杂任务。

人类解决问题从不依赖单一思维模式,而是根据任务阶段灵活切换不同认知方式。现有大模型推理方法却普遍采用固定思维模式,忽视了同一问题不同阶段需要不同思维方式的本质。为此,我们提出无需训练的Chain of Mindset(CoM)框架,实现步骤级自适应思维调度。CoM将推理过程分解为四种功能异质的思维模式:空间型、收敛型、发散型和算法型。通过元代理(Meta-Agent)根据推理状态动态选择最优模式,并利用双向上下文门控机制控制信息流动,兼顾效率与效果。在涵盖数学、代码生成、科学问答和空间推理的六个挑战性基准上,CoM在Qwen3-VL-32B-Instruct和Gemini-2.0-Flash上分别以4.96%和4.72%的绝对优势超越最强基线,同时保持高效推理能力。代码已开源。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Human problem-solving is never the repetition of a single mindset, by which we mean a distinct mode of cognitive processing. When tackling a specific task, we do not rely on a single mindset; instead, we integrate multiple mindsets within the single solution process. However, existing LLM reasoning methods fall into a common trap: they apply the same fixed mindset across all steps, overlooking that different stages of solving the same problem require fundamentally different mindsets. This single-minded assumption prevents models from reaching the next level of intelligence. To address this limitation, we propose Chain of Mindset (CoM), a training-free agentic framework that enables step-level adaptive mindset orchestration. CoM decomposes reasoning into four functionally heterogeneous mindsets: Spatial, Convergent, Divergent, and Algorithmic. A Meta-Agent dynamically selects the optimal mindset based on the evolving reasoning state, while a bidirectional Context Gate filters cross-module information flow to maintain effectiveness and efficiency. Experiments across six challenging benchmarks spanning mathematics, code generation, scientific QA, and spatial reasoning demonstrate that CoM achieves state-of-the-art performance, outperforming the strongest baseline by 4.96\% and 4.72\% in overall accuracy on Qwen3-VL-32B-Instruct and Gemini-2.0-Flash, while balancing reasoning efficiency. Our code is publicly available at \href{https://github.com/QuantaAlpha/chain-of-mindset}{https://github.com/QuantaAlpha/chain-of-mindset}.

思维模式推理增强大模型自适应

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