arXiv:2602.10285cs.RO2026-02中稿 · Intelligent Vehicl…被引 1

提出自适应步数流匹配模型,实现实时自动驾驶轨迹规划。

Adaptive Time Step Flow Matching for Autonomous Driving Motion Planning

  • 基于条件流匹配联合预测周围车辆与自车轨迹。
  • 在线动态调整推理步数,保持20Hz更新率且无需重训练。
  • 适合需要实时性与平滑轨迹的自动驾驶系统部署。

自动驾驶需处理与周围交通的交互。现有方法依赖大规模专家驾驶数据进行模仿学习,但扩散模型推理需数百步,延迟高;一致性模型虽缓解此问题,却依赖精细调校的噪声调度,调整需昂贵重训练。为此,我们提出一种基于条件流匹配的框架,可在线联合预测周边车辆运动并规划自车轨迹。训练轻量级方差估计器,在推理时动态选择步骤数,无需重训练即可平衡运行速度与模仿性能。为进一步提升乘坐舒适性,引入凸二次规划后处理,计算开销极小。在Waymo Open Motion Dataset上训练,无需场景特化调优即可完成变道、巡航控制及无保护左转等操作。在NVIDIA RTX 3070 GPU上实现20Hz更新率,优于Transformer、扩散模型与一致性模型基线,轨迹更平滑且更符合动态约束。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Autonomous driving requires reasoning about interactions with surrounding traffic. A prevailing approach is large-scale imitation learning on expert driving datasets, aimed at generalizing across diverse real-world scenarios. For online trajectory generation, such methods must operate at real-time rates. Diffusion models require hundreds of denoising steps at inference, resulting in high latency. Consistency models mitigate this issue but rely on carefully tuned noise schedules to capture the multimodal action distributions common in autonomous driving. Adapting the schedule, typically requires expensive retraining. To address these limitations, we propose a framework based on conditional flow matching that jointly predicts future motions of surrounding agents and plans the ego trajectory in real time. We train a lightweight variance estimator that selects the number of inference steps online, removing the need for retraining to balance runtime and imitation learning performance. To further enhance ride quality, we introduce a trajectory post-processing step cast as a convex quadratic program, with negligible computational overhead. Trained on the Waymo Open Motion Dataset, the framework performs maneuvers such as lane changes, cruise control, and navigating unprotected left turns without requiring scenario-specific tuning. Our method maintains a 20 Hz update rate on an NVIDIA RTX 3070 GPU, making it suitable for online deployment. Compared to transformer, diffusion, and consistency model baselines, we achieve improved trajectory smoothness and better adherence to dynamic constraints. Experiment videos and code implementations can be found at https://flow-matching-self-driving.github.io/.

自动驾驶轨迹规划流匹配实时推理

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