用语音识别库尔德语哈瓦勒里方言母语者，准确率达95.92%。
I can tell whether you are a Native Hawlêri Speaker! How ANN, CNN, and RNN perform in NLI-Native Language Identification
- 构建ANN、CNN、RNN三种模型，测试不同音频片段时长与数据平衡策略。
- 5秒语音片段下RNN模型准确率最高，达95.92%。
- 首个针对哈瓦勒里方言的语音数据集，适合语言学与语音识别研究者。
母语识别（NLI）是自然语言处理中通过写作风格或语音判断作者/说话人母语的任务，广泛应用于司法语言学和语言学研究。尽管已有大量关于英语与德语等主流语言的研究，但针对方言与次方言的研究仍存在显著空白，尤其在资源匮乏的语言如库尔德语中更为突出。本研究聚焦于索拉尼语（中央方言）中的哈瓦勒里次方言，旨在识别伊拉克库尔德地区首府埃尔比勒的本地使用者。研究收集了40名母语或非母语者共约24小时的录音访谈数据，其中女性17人，男性23人。构建并评估了三种基于神经网络的模型：人工神经网络（ANN）、卷积神经网络（CNN）和循环神经网络（RNN），共进行66次实验，涵盖1至60秒不同时间片段，以及欠采样、过采样和交叉验证策略。结果显示，使用80:10:10数据划分方案，5秒音频分段下RNN模型达到最高准确率95.92%。所构建的数据集为首个面向哈瓦勒里次方言的语音母语识别数据集，可为相关领域研究提供支持。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Native Language Identification (NLI) is a task in Natural Language Processing (NLP) that typically determines the native language of an author through their writing or a speaker through their speaking. It has various applications in different areas, such as forensic linguistics and general linguistics studies. Although considerable research has been conducted on NLI regarding two different languages, such as English and German, the literature indicates a significant gap regarding NLI for dialects and subdialects. The gap becomes wider in less-resourced languages such as Kurdish. This research focuses on NLI within the context of a subdialect of Sorani (Central) Kurdish. It aims to investigate the NLI for Hewlêri, a subdialect spoken in Hewlêr (Erbil), the Capital of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. We collected about 24 hours of speech by recording interviews with 40 native or non-native Hewlêri speakers, 17 female and 23 male. We created three Neural Network-based models: Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), which were evaluated through 66 experiments, covering various time-frames from 1 to 60 seconds, undersampling, oversampling, and cross-validation. The RNN model showed the highest accuracy of 95.92% for 5-second audio segmentation, using an 80:10:10 data splitting scheme. The created dataset is the first speech dataset for NLI on the Hewlêri subdialect in the Sorani Kurdish dialect, which can be of benefit to various research areas.
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