arXiv:2602.11332eess.SYcs.LG2026-02

用多项式方法评估神经网络控制器的安全性,无需采样即可保证可信度。

Sample-Free Safety Assessment of Neural Network Controllers via Taylor Methods

  • 通过自动分域与泰勒多项式逼近,构建状态不确定性的严格边界。
  • 在真实航天任务中实现对闭环系统输出范围的精确约束,覆盖大范围状态空间。
  • 适合需要高可靠性的航天控制场景,为神经网络决策提供安全依据。

近年来,人工神经网络被越来越多地研究用于引导问题的反馈控制。尽管在复杂场景中表现有效,但其缺乏经典引导策略所具备的验证保障。黑箱特性引发信任担忧,限制了其在安全关键型航天任务中的应用。本文提出一种基于自动域分割与多项式边界约束的方法,评估训练好的神经网络反馈控制器的安全性。该方法将训练好的神经网络嵌入系统动力学方程,使闭环系统变为自治系统。通过高阶泰勒多项式近似系统流,并构造多项式映射将状态不确定性投影到事件流形上。自动域分割确保多项式在子域内精度足够,同时高效分析大范围状态空间。利用多项式边界技术,可在每个子域内严格约束事件值,从而建立使用此类神经网络控制器时闭环结果的可能范围,支持真实任务中的安全评估与决策制定。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In recent years, artificial neural networks have been increasingly studied as feedback controllers for guidance problems. While effective in complex scenarios, they lack the verification guarantees found in classical guidance policies. Their black-box nature creates significant concerns regarding trustworthiness, limiting their adoption in safety-critical spaceflight applications. This work addresses this gap by developing a method to assess the safety of a trained neural network feedback controller via automatic domain splitting and polynomial bounding. The methodology involves embedding the trained neural network into the system's dynamical equations, rendering the closed-loop system autonomous. The system flow is then approximated by high-order Taylor polynomials, which are subsequently manipulated to construct polynomial maps that project state uncertainties onto an event manifold. Automatic domain splitting ensures the polynomials are accurate over their relevant subdomains, whilst also allowing an extensive state-space to be analysed efficiently. Utilising polynomial bounding techniques, the resulting event values may be rigorously constrained and analysed within individual subdomains, thereby establishing bounds on the range of possible closed-loop outcomes from using such neural network controllers and supporting safety assessment and informed operational decision-making in real-world missions.

神经网络安全评估航天控制泰勒方法

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