arXiv:2602.11622cs.IR2026-02

用进化生成特征提升专家路由,让模型跨图检测异常更准更稳。

Evolutionary Router Feature Generation for Zero-Shot Graph Anomaly Detection with Mixture-of-Experts

  • 通过大模型生成结构特征,迭代优化专家路由选择
  • 在6个基准上零样本检测效果超越现有方法,性能稳定
  • 适合处理跨图分布差异大的异常检测场景

零样本图异常检测近年受关注,但图结构、特征和异常模式的异质性使单个GNN模型难以捕捉多样异常机制。虽混合专家(MoE)架构可通过集成具有互补归纳偏见的GNN专家提供潜力,但其在零样本检测中受限于分布偏移,面临两大路由挑战:一是节点语义跨图差异大,直接基于特征路由易产生偏差;二是异常图常有显著分布差异,现有路由设计难捕捉可迁移的路由规律。为此,我们提出新型MoE框架EvoFG,通过进化式特征生成增强路由:利用大模型生成器迭代构建结构特征,并以Shapley值评估其信息量;同时设计带记忆的路由模块与不变学习目标,捕获分布偏移下的可迁移路由模式。在六个基准上的实验表明,EvoFG持续优于当前最优基线,实现强且稳定的零样本图异常检测性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Zero-shot graph anomaly detection (GAD) has attracted increasing attention recent years, yet the heterogeneity of graph structures, features, and anomaly patterns across graphs make existing single GNN methods insufficiently expressive to model diverse anomaly mechanisms. In this regard, Mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures provide a promising paradigm by integrating diverse GNN experts with complementary inductive biases, yet their effectiveness in zero-shot GAD is severely constrained by distribution shifts, leading to two key routing challenges. First, nodes often carry vastly different semantics across graphs, and straightforwardly performing routing based on their features is prone to generating biased or suboptimal expert assignments. Second, as anomalous graphs often exhibit pronounced distributional discrepancies, existing router designs fall short in capturing domain-invariant routing principles that generalize beyond the training graphs. To address these challenges, we propose a novel MoE framework with evolutionary router feature generation (EvoFG) for zero-shot GAD. To enhance MoE routing, we propose an evolutionary feature generation scheme that iteratively constructs and selects informative structural features via an LLM-based generator and Shapley-guided evaluation. Moreover, a memory-enhanced router with an invariant learning objective is designed to capture transferable routing patterns under distribution shifts. Extensive experiments on six benchmarks show that EvoFG consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines, achieving strong and stable zero-shot GAD performance.

图神经网络异常检测混合专家零样本

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